瑞山지역 3·1운동의 전개와 성격

Abstract

Anti-Japanese national movement in Seosan area heated up because of study research based on the theory of “keeping the right way and studies and casting by evil studies - Basis of the campaign rejecting the foreign power” advocated by men of letters of the Hwaseo School. The private schools were established in Seosan area as part of a campaign for the restoration of national sovereignty and modern sciences were educated there, and a branch of Kihoheunghakhhwe (a body for an enlightenment campaign in Gyeonggi and Choongcheong Province) was established in this area and it carried out a patriotic enlightenment campaign. The March First Movement in Seosan area started in the town of Seosan (Seosan-eup) and spread out to Haemi, Palbong, Woonsan, Seongyeon, Eumam, etc, Leaders of the Movement were composed of various individuals including a student, Confucian scholar, peasant, myeon official (an official working for myeon) and others. As the Confucian scholars like Kim Bong-Jae and Kim Sang-Moo took part in “the Campaign to send a long letter to Paris Peace Conference”, they groaned in prison. Japanese imperialism mobilized the police and military police stationed in Seosan and Dangjin and the Japanese garrison in Gongjoo, and firmly suppressed the Movement in Seosan. About 200 participants in the Movement were captured in Haemi-myeon and there was a dead person in Woonsan-myeon. Lee Kye-Seong, Kim Kwan-Yong and others who were captured groaned in prison and many people including Yoo Se-Geun were flogged. The March First Movement in Seosan area had the distinct feature that people went up a mountain at night and lighted a torch, and held a hurrah demonstration. Their demonstration was militant because many people were victimized during their carrying out resistance against the oppressive measure of Japanese imperialism. The people who participated in the demonstration opened a village school or entered the priesthood after serving their prison term. They emphasized national consciousness through a Buddhist ceremony and carried out an anti-Japanese movement including a campaign against the Japanese language education, etc.