동북아정세와 중국지역 한인의 귀환(1944~1946)－중·미 교섭을 중심으로－

Abstract

Repatriation of Overseas Koreans as part of the East Asian population was conducted. After World War II, the East Asian Repatriation of the proceed Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Taiwanese, including was 15 million people’s the movement of the population. The problem of the Korean repatriation from China compared to other regions in terms of its scale and scope of the problem was more extensive. In addition, the Chinese civil war, the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party structure and conflict and intertwined China-US-Soviet diplomatic relations are made it more complex, multi-stage. Repatriation of Korean in China must accept Chinese Government (Kuomintang government) and GHQ/SCAP (General Headquarters/Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers), And it was necessary with the approval of GHQ/SCAP. It means that Repatriation of Korean was affected by the US-China relationship. Meanwhile, the (Kuomintang government’s Korea policy during the war in the Pacific was formulated. The processing of Korean was influenced accordingly. GHQ/SCAP was to coordinate the Repatriation of East Asia, it was based on a conception of the United States. Headquarters have concerned about into changes in the economic and political by mass immigration, including transportation problems. Headquarters take account of these concerns, and arranged to the Chinese Nationalist Party and the Soviet Union. Then Headquarters promoted it. Repatriation in China was conducted by the cooperation system of the Chinese military with U.S. forces. Chinese government should burden for the moved to the harbor in China. And GHQ/SCAP was responsible for the ship management. It was not only the problem of expense allocation. GHQ/SCAP orchestrated military occupation of Asia-Pacific, and took charge of final decision for Repatriation. The Chinese national government concentrated a national strength on Kuokong neichan(國共內戰) in Chinese mainland. Meanwhile, Japan used Chinese national governmental policy in order to keep Japanese Empire infrastructure and attempted profit of oneself. The Chinese national government dealt with the Koreans whom there was according to ‘Korean policy(Han-Kyo Policy; 韓僑政策)’. The Chinese national government partitioned off a Korean with ‘Korean soldier (HanJeokByeongSa; 韓籍兵士)’ with the non-official civilian. Basic position issued rights of residence certificate according to a mind of a Korean or it was to let you return, but generally resulted in a form of compulsory ‘group repatriation’. To the Korean repatriation was performed mainly in 1946.