도산 안창호의 ‘여행권’을 통해 본 독립운동 행적

Abstract

Korean independence activists had to hold passports inevitably because they carried out independence movements by objecting to the whole world. As Dosan An Chang-ho had lived abroad in his lifetime, his every movement was being proved by his passports exactly. There were 4-kind passports to An Chang-ho such as passport(Chipjo) having been issued from diplomacy department of Korean empire government in 1902, Hojo from Consulate General of Ching Dynasty in Vladivostok, Hojo from Shanghai of China in 1924, and Chinese passport used to visit Philippines in 1929. Also, one more passport was likely to be existed, and it was ‘Hojo’ issued from Chinese government when he was confiscated by French police right after Hongkou patriotic deed of Yoon Bong-gil on April 29, 1932. However, it has not been confirmed yet. Besides, there was a residence passport issued from Vladivostok, Russia in 1910. This study tried to look into An Chang-ho’s activities again through his passports in detail. In the passport, specific travel records which are not existed in general history are contained. Therefore, researcher reviewed undisclosed parts regarding An Chang-ho’s independence movement activities through passports that was possessed by him directly. An Chang-ho who escaped from Joseon Dynasty under Japanese colonialism in 1910 went to Vladivostok, Russia through China, and spread independence movement in the Maritime Province of Siberia and North Manchuria. And he carried out independence movement after entering into the United States through Europe in 1911. In 1917, he had paid a visit to Mexico for approximately 10 months, and set up a basement of independence movement as well as pacifying Koreans there. As soon as March 1st Movement was broken out while he was active after returning to the United States in August 1918, he progressed vigorous independence movement at independence movement groups including Provisional Government of Korea after crossing into China again. And then he checked independence movement of American areas after going to the United States again in 1924, and went back to China in 1926 after over one year stay in the United States. In addition, he had made a tour in 1929 to cultivate an independence movement base in Philippines. Nonetheless, he was arrested in Shanghai, China, and was come under pressure to Joseon Dynasty under Japanese colonialism in 1932, he could not develop independence movement on the outside any more. Like this, An Chang-ho is an important figure who used the greatest number of passports during independence movement activities, it could be said that passports having been used by him include precious contents which enables researches about the independence movement.