3·1운동기 일본 신문의 손병희와 천도교 기술

Abstract

In 33 national leaders who signed the Declaration of Korean Independence, the person who gave the name very first was Son Byeong-hi at the March First Movement. In addition, the power that Son Byeong-hi’s Choendogyo led printed Declaration of Independence and supported the fund of the independence movement and planned combination of each religion power. Nevertheless the evaluation about the role that Son Byeong-hi achieved in the March First Movement was low and negative in a past studies. I want to submit a question at such a point. And I want to analyze it through the newspaper documents of the Japanese side mainly how recognition for Son Byeong-hi and the power appeared in the period when March First Movement happened. I want to pay attention articles in the Yokohama Boeki Shinpo by Sakuzo. Yoshino. This document is not introduced in a past study. The findings are like the next. The tone of the articles about Son Byeong-hi and Choendogyo in Japanese newspapers was going to leave it in a category of “the pseudo-religion” at the early days when March First Movement happened. However, the Japanese newspapers gradually pay attention in the Choendogyo creed and the history. They compared it how was different from Lee Yong-gu’s Il-jin-hoe, and analyzed it. They reported it as follows. Not only Son is a religious leader, but also is the politician who is going to achieve political revolution. In addition, the Japanese newspapers paid attention to the modernity that the March First Movement showed. Son Byeong-hi insisted on nonviolence and popularization and unification. these were the driving forces that let much public participated in demonstration. They accepted this fact. The Japanese newspapers thereby reevaluated Son Byeong-hi. And they came to be cautious when Choendogyo would become the menace on the colonization rule of Japan. Sakuzo Yoshino analyzed it keenly to the position of Choendogyo in Korean modern history. He said that if Daehan Empire was perished country, Choendogyo is proof of a country standing up. This point at issue of Sakuzo Yoshino provide an important suggestion in reevaluating a role of Son Byeong-hi and Choendogyo in the March First Movement.