1920~30년대 평양 지역 여성운동의 전개와 성격 -평양여자기독교청년회와 근우회 평양지회를 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper is intended to examine Pyongyang YWCA and Pyongyang Branch of Geunuhoe as the case of the women’s movement during the 1920~30’s of Japanese colonial period. In the context of the modern women’s movement, Pyongyang was a major stronghold, based on the locality of Gwanseo(North-West) district, which actively embraced Christianity more than anywhere else in the traditionally developed common people’s culture. As a result, there has been an active women’s movement centered on Christians in Pyongyang, when the legal public activities were allowed under the Japanese cultural ruling. Pyongyang YWCA and Pyongyang Branch of Geunuhoe were the organizations that played a central role in the women’s movement in Pyongyang. Pyongyang YWCA was organized by itself in 1920 before the establishment of Joseon YWCA. Early Pyongyang YWCA, which was founded around members of two girls schools in Sunghyeon and Sungui, focused on Christian activities represented by evangelism, and after 1925, it was shown to be embracing socialism. After that, the members affiliated with Pyongyang YWCA participated in the establishment of Pyongyang branch of Geunuhoe in 1928. Pyongyang branch was formed including a small number of socialists, and the majority of Christian nationalist. Both sides of Pyongyang branch joined forces by establishing mutual contacts, rather than carrying out their fundamental ideology. And it turned out the result of the framework maintained until the end of its activities at Pyongyang branch, even though the central headquarters’ the left-right coalition front was broken and the dissolution of Geunuhoe was debated.