르 코르뷔지에의 단지 및 도시 계획에 있어 정사각형 평면 구성 방법에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) There are huge cases of square form in Le Corbusier’architecture from single square plan to complex composition of various squares even in urban scale. In scale, the variety of form and the extent of adaption in his works , square could be an architectural element which defines Le Corbusier’s architecture. There are two ways of analyzing the square of Le Corbusier. The first in the single building is already done in previous study and this study aims conception and composition by square in site & city planning. To make clear the meaning the square composition, it is necessary to analyze and categorize the types and forms of square plans. So the aim of this study is to know the process of square plan composition from the conception to the formal and spatial development. (Method) First of all, the elements which had influenced the square form of Le Corbusier’s site & city planning will be clearly identified. Second, The formal types of 30 works which have the characteristics of square in site & city planning will be analyzed. Third, to analyze the characteristics of the composition principals the study is constructed to categorize various cases of composition type. Finally, based on the results of the analysis, the interrelationships between types and plan compositions will be presented. (Results) The analysis derived the following correlations according to type of square forms and plan compositions. First, 1. In the earlier city planning works, the entire composition was made by the framework of regular basic grid and the cruciform high rise building group was placed in the center of the whole planning in Ville Contemporaine and was mixed with low housing building. Second, The planning size was decided by the grid representing urban scale. In city planning, Le Corbusier basically has used 800m module and controlled the scale of grid as 400m, 200m. And in site planning, he adopted small scale like 2.26m, 3.6m grid for housing and 40m for factory facility. Third, In city planning, one of the principal composition elements is a high rise building block which is an independent square site of 400m module surrounded by grand boulevard and is used as a basic unit for composing city. Fourth, Another characteristic of composition by square is the‘proliferation type’which grows in scale after repetitions. Fifth, The entire space of site & city planning is composed of building group and exterior space. And the exterior space has two different characteristics, one is covered space such as plaza and the other is green space. Those three elements are placed by spatial hierarchy and have relations one another. (Conclusion) After the categorizing and analyzing Le Corbusier’s works concerning square composition, square could be considered as an efficient tool in site & city planning. And this study made clear the details and nuances of delicate form and composition of the square plan and with another study on the square forms and compositions in single building, as a result one of the essence of le Corbusier could be fully understood.