뮤지엄 공공성 강화 요소로서 계단형 오픈스페이스 디자인 경향 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) In recent times, the role of the cultural space of a city has been changing to open public space where people can encounter culture in their daily lives to enhance the public’s cultural character . The open space in a museum has been expanded to strengthen the public space of the museum by making a stair-shaped open space. This study focused on the stair-shaped open space of a museum and proposes a design for such an open space as a strengthening factor of a museum’s public character. (Method) The study used theoretical consideration for the public character of a museum (i.e., open space and stairs) in the discussion of the stair-shaped open space as a space element for strengthening a museum’s public character. We categorized the type and characteristics of the extracted stairs. We then summarized the characteristics of the stair-shaped open space for strengthening museums’ public character based on the openness and connectivity of functions in the aspects of space composition and the approachability of physical openness and the amenity of the space in the aspect of space usage, and we analyzed the examples. (Results) First, the visual transparency of the vertical wall and horizontal ceiling surfaces of the museum’s stair-shaped open space introduces external natural elements to form an atmosphere of a rest area to alleviate museum fatigue. Second, the open space is usually used as a convenient space for relaxation and as an exhibition space and educational space to strengthen the public domain of the museum. Third, the stair-shaped open space is used as a center-movement space of the museum building and a place for conducting various space programs to provide visitors with a natural visual perception and daily access. Fourth, the open space provides a flexible and dynamic atmosphere in the exhibition and educational spaces and encourages continued stay. (Conclusions) This study proposes a stair-shaped open space design to strengthen museums’ public character. First, the space should be located in an open space inside a museum and be open visually and physically to allow people’s access. Second, the museum’s stair-shaped open space should support functional connection with the public domain of the museum, adjacent to the convenient, educational, and exhibition space located on the museum’s floor. Third, it should be located at the museum's entrance space or central space to facilitate visitors’ access to the museum's open central space. Fourth, the museum’s open space should be installed with transparent vertical walls and a horizontal ceiling to form an aesthetically pleasing dynamic space for convenience. Therefore, the importance of a stair-shaped open space is that it is connected to the features of space, is guaranteed to offer physical openness, and is comfortable.