A Study on the Design Proposal of a Public Toilets in Eungam District 10 Children's Park

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) As the number of urban parks has increased in recent years, there has been a growing demand for public toilets, an essential amenity within parks. Various studies have been conducted to propose improved public toilet design. However, public toilets in parks are still treated as undesirable facilities by park users and residents due to concerns about hygiene and crime. This study aims to propose an improved public toilet design in an urban park that can change the perception of residents and park users. (Method) The scope of this study is the schematic design of a public restroom in Eungam District 10 Children's Park in Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul. In the method of design, first, previous research on public toilet design is reviewed. Second, outstanding cases of public toilets at domestic and overseas are examined to understand the design principles for public toilets in parks. Third, through analysis of site, the appropriate the public toilet location within the park is selected. Finally, a schematic plan for the design of public toilets is proposed. (Results) Through a survey of previous studies and analysis of domestic and international cases, the public restroom design is derived. First, a design that incorporates the character of the surrounding area, blending in with the park and providing appropriate visibility. A homogeneous design that can be seen everywhere or a public toilet that is completely alien to the surrounding city can be unacceptable to residents. Second, a public restroom design that incorporates park amenities such as benches, drinking fountains, and bicycle racks, allows the public toilet to be friendly to residents. Third, natural and mechanical surveillance is possible by planning convenience facilities for visitors around the restroom and installing CCTV. In addition, a crime prevention environment design is applied by securing bright illumination and minimizing concealment. Fourth, accessible restrooms, family restrooms, and children's hygiene devices are installed to make the public toilet accessible to everyone. Fifth, sustainable design is applied to save energy by recycling cleaning water, greening rooftops, water-saving sanitary ware, and LED lighting fixtures. Finally, the toilet is designed to be hygienic with interior finishes and designs that are easy to clean and maintain. (Conclusions) There will be an increasing need for future public toilets to be safe, eco-friendly and hygienic spaces as well as designs that well blended in to the site context. The design derived from this study is expected to change people's perception of public toilets and serve as an example and guide for planning future public toilets.