'천인합일(天人合一)'사상 기반, 생태친화 적응성 공간의 설계 특성 연구
A Study on the Design Characteristics of Ecological-Friendly Adaptable Space Based on the Idea of 'Tian Ren He Yi (天人合一)'
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(연구 배경 및 목적) 인간과 자연의 조화로운 공존을 강조하는 '천인합일(天人合一)' 사상은 생태계의 복원과 보호를 촉진하고 공간 환경의 질을 향상하며 건강하고 편안한 삶을 살고자 하는 인간의 욕구를 충족하는 데에서 시작된다. 본 연구에서 기존 건축 공간의 사례를 통해 '천인합일(天人合一)'사상을 기반으로 생태친화 적응성 공간의 지속가능한 발전 문제를 해결하기 위한 합리적인 생태적 적응성 방법을 적용해 분석한 후 미래 건축 공간 적용 가능성에 의의를 둔다. (연구방법) 첫째, 2000년부터 2023년까지 한·중 학문 분야의 '천인합일(天人合一)' 사상에 관한 학위 논문, 학술 논문, 단행본 및 기타 연구를 기반으로 삼아 정리한다. 둘째, 친환경 적응성 이론에 대한 선행 연구를 통해 친환경 적응성 디자인의 특성을 파악하여 분석한다. 셋째, 분석을 통해 '천인합일(天人合一)' 사상과 친환경적 적응성 이론을 융합한 공간 디자인 요소를 추출하고 이를 바탕으로 '천인합일(天人合一)' 사상을 친환경 적응형 공간디자인의 자연 융합 생태 지속 가능성, 지역 문화 전승 가능성, 종합적인 창의 계획성, 정경 조성서와 인간적인 체험성 등 5가지 공간 구성 요소를 도출 후 분석한다. 넷째, 본 연구에서는 2010년부터 2023년까지 LEED 인증과 Gold 등급 이상을 획득한 한·중 건축 공간 사례 5개를 분석대상으로 선정하여 앞서 도출한 5가지 공간 요소를 분석 항목으로 삼고 심층적으로 분석했다. (결과) 분석의 대상이 된 건축 공간은 생태학적으로 지속 가능한 특징을 가진 건축 공간임이 분명하다.‘천인합일’사상과 친환경 적응성 개념을 바탕으로 도출한 특성을 초점에 두고 분석한 결과 생태학적 지속 가능성과 포괄적인 창의적 계획으로 주변 생태 환경과 좋은 공생 관계를 형성하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 특성을 모두 고려한다면 만물의 조화로운 공생이 가능하다. (결론) 지구촌의 당면 과제인 환경 문제의 해결 방안 중 하나는 사람과 자연의 바람직한 관계를 새롭게 형성하는 것이다. 이는 '인간 중심' 사고에서 벗어나 이전과는 다른 공간 설계가 필요하다는 것을 말한다. 따라서 '천인합일(天人合一)' 사상을 바탕으로 자연환경의 중요성을 되새겨 공간 설계의 과정에서 만물이 함께 살아가기 위한 방법을 찾아야 한다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) This study explores environmentally adaptive spatial design through case studies based on the concept of‘Tian Ren He Yi (天人合一)’. The concept of‘Tian Ren He Yi’inspires an appreciation for the importance of nature and provides rich theories and ideologies for modern spatial design. The study delves deeply into academic papers related to‘Tian Ren He Yi’in both Chinese and Korean academic fields, as well as theories pertaining to ecologically friendly adaptability. It also examines existing architectural cases to infer their applicability in future architectural spaces. (Method) The study derives characteristics of spatial design integrating‘Tian Ren He Yi’and eco-friendly adaptability. Firstly, it is organized based on dissertations, academic theses, books, and other researches on the‘Tian Ren He Yi’ ideology in the academic fields of Korea and China from 2000 to 2023. Secondly, the characteristics of eco-friendly adaptability design are identified and analyzed based on existing research literature on eco-friendly adaptability theory. Thirdly, the space design elements that combine the ideology of‘Tian Ren He Yi’and the theory of eco-friendly adaptability, and based on this the analysis, the ideology of‘Tian Ren He Yi’the design of eco-friendly adaptive space. The design includes five spatial elements: natural ecological sustainability, local cultural transmission, comprehensive creativity planning, scenario composition, and humanization. Fourthly, in this study, five cases of architectural spaces in Korea and China that achieved LEED certification and Gold level or higher from 2010 to 2023 were selected for analysis and analyzed in depth using the five spatial elements derived earlier as analysis items. (Results) The architectural space analysed possesses ecologically sustainable characteristics. The analysis of the characteristics derived based on the‘Tian Ren He Yi’ideology and the concept of eco-friendly adaptability, ecological sustainability and comprehensive. It was found that the creative plan formed a good symbiotic relationship with the surrounding ecological environment. By considering these characteristics, it is possible to achieve a harmonious coexistence of all things. (Conclusions) The combination of‘Tian Ren He Yi’and ecologically friendly adaptability offers a comprehensive design approach for future spatial design. This approach integrates traditional cultural wisdom with modern scientific principles, signifying a potential solution to current environmental issues. By merging principles of traditional natural philosophy with modern ecology, this approach offers a balanced and objective solution.
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