Comparative Analysis of Cultural and Artistic Urban Regeneration Cases -focused on Citizen Arts Village in Kanazawa City, Japan and Samsung Creative Campus in Daegu Metropolitan City, South Korea

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) The transformative forces of rapid industrialization and urbanization in South Korea since the 1960s have reshaped the country's urban fabric, intensifying housing shortages alongside population growth. While governmental interventions introduced redevelopment policies to alleviate these housing deficits, cyclic economic downturns and demographic shifts, particularly an aging population, have compounded issues, leading to instances of urban decay. Responding to these multifaceted urban challenges, the South Korean government enacted the "Special Act on Urban Regeneration Promotion and Support" in 2013, signaling a pivotal juncture in urban policy geared towards fostering cultural and artistic elements within urban renewal initiatives. However, unilateral imitation without thoroughly analyzing successful cases from international models has revealed various issues. Thus, this study aims to carefully analyze and compare successful cultural urban regeneration projects between the Kanazawa Citizens’ Art Center and the Daegu Samsung Creative Campus to understand their effects and future directions. (Method) This study first conducts a comparative analysis of factors influencing cultural and artistic urban regeneration in five aspects through the analysis of previous studies related to cultural and artistic urban regeneration. Second, based on the five aspects derived from the review of previous studies, case studies are compared and analyzed. In the final conclusion, along with presenting the results of the comparative analysis, essential conditions for the sustainability of cultural and artistic urban regeneration are proposed. (Results) The comparative analysis of the two cases confirmed that among the five aspects, economic effects and regeneration effects induce improvements in the quality of life of local residents through artistic spaces and activate the local economy by inducing the production of venture companies. Unlike the "Kanazawa Citizens' Art Center," operational challenges such as inefficient methods and budgetary constraints were identified at the "Samsung Creative Campus." Differences in public-private partnerships between the cases highlight the importance of such collaborations for sustaining urban renewal efforts. (Conclusion) Democratic community regeneration is essential not only for cultural and artistic urban regeneration but also for various aspects of ongoing urban regeneration. For this, continuous communication among stakeholders, network formation, collaboration between the public and private sectors, and flexible resource mobilization methods before and after the project are crucial. These principles are evident in the case of Kanazawa's "Citizen Art Village," which provides insights into the necessity for citizen-led urban regeneration rather than mere superficial changes and tourism-oriented program design. Democratic urban regeneration should be achieved through resident participation and operation, as well as collaboration between government and private enterprises, which can secure the sustainability of urban regeneration.