재활의료공간에서 가상현실의 표현특성에 관한 연구 -경도인지장애 환자 중심-
A Study on the Performance Characteristics of Virtual Reality in Rehabilitation Medical Space - Centered on patients with mild cognitive impairment -
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(연구배경 및 목적) 세계적으로 인구 고령화가 심화되면서 경도인지장애(Mild Cognitive Impairment, MCI) 환자 수도 급격히 증가하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 연구 조사에 따르면, 경도인지장애(MCI)는 연령 관련 인지 기능 저하와 치매 사이의 임상 상태로, MCI 환자가 치매로 전환될 확률은 인지 정상 환자의 거의 4배이다. 가상현실(VR) 기술은 가상 3차원 환경에서 사용자에게 환경 장면을 구축하고 새로운 자가 운동 방식을 제공할 수 있는 능력으로 인해 이론적 토대를 제공하는 것이다. 그러나 인지 장애 환자의 공간 요법에 VR이 개입된 연구에서 공간 특성에 대한 연구는 거의 없다.본 논문의 연구 목적은 가상현실 기술의 특성을 분석하고 MCI 개념 및 MCI 재활 의료 공간의 특성을 탐구하여 기술- MCI 환자- 공간 간의 상호 작용 관계를 이해하고, 이러한 복잡한 관계 속에서 가상현실 기술의 특성을 조사함으로써 후속 가상 재활 의료 공간의 설계와 연구에 이론적인 지침과 지원을 제공하는 것이다. (연구방법) 본 연구는 문헌 연구와 사례 연구를 통해 결론을 도출하는 두 가지 연구 방법을 사용하였다. 첫째, 문헌연구의 방법을 활용하여 VR연구, MCI 기초연구 및 공간특징연구를 바탕으로 VR개념과 재활공간의 일반적인 특징을 탐색하고, 둘째, 국내외 사례연구를 이용하여 재활의료공간에서 가상현실의 특징표현을 분석하여 결론을 도출하고자 한다. (결과) 이론 연구에 따르면, 가상 현실은‘몰입감(Immersion), 현존감(Presence), 상호작용성(Interaction), 공간감지(SpatialPerception), 조작성(Manipulation), 감각화(Sensitization)’등의 특성을 가지고 있다. 또한, 재활 의료 공간은‘상호작용성, 연속성, 접근성, 안전성, 수용성, 지원성, 프라이버시, 가시성’ 등의 8가지 특성을 가지고 있다. 위의 이론적 분석에 따라 가상현실의 특성과 재활의료공간의 특성을 결합하여 상호작용 모델을 구축하고, 최종적으로‘현실성, 신체화, 효율성, 안전 통제 가능성, 감각적 피드백성’5가지 가상현실 재활의료공간 표현 특성 키워드를 도출하였다. (결론) 본 논문 연구는 가상 현실 기술이 재활 의료 공간에서 현저한 응용 잠재력과 표현 특성을 갖고 있음을 보여주며, MCI 환자들에게 더 다양하고 입체적인 재활 경험을 제공하는 데 그치지 않고, 이 그룹의 재활 계획에 대한 새로운 접근 방식과 방법을 제시한다는 것을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서 구축한 기술-환자-공간 상호작용 모델은 가상현실의 특성을 밝히고, 이러한 특성은 공간을 다시 연결하고 재정의할 수 있는 기회를 제공하며, 미래의 가상 재활 의료 공간 구축에 보다 객관적인 이론적 지원을 제공하기를 기대한다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) As the global population continues to age, the number of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is increasing dramatically. Furthermore, research has indicated that MCI is a clinical state between age-related cognitive decline and dementia. The probability of MCI patients progressing to dementia is nearly four times higher than that of cognitively normal individuals. Virtual reality (VR) is emerging as an innovative solution for spatial and situational rehabilitation owing to its ability to create immersive environmental scenarios and novel methods for self-motorization in virtual 3D environments. However, research on the spatial characteristics of VR intervention in cognitive impairment therapy is scarce. In this context, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of VR technology, the concept of MCI, and the characteristics of MCI rehabilitation medical spaces, aiming to delve into the interactive relationship among technology, MCI patients, and spaces. Through the above analysis, this study explores the characteristics of VR technology within this complex relationship, providing theoretical guidance and support for the design and research of subsequent virtual rehabilitation medical spaces. (Method) This study employs two research methods: a literature review and case studies. First, using the literature review method, we investigate VR concepts, basic research on MCI, and the general characteristics of rehabilitation spaces. Second, using domestic and international case studies, we analyzes the characteristics of VR in rehabilitation medical spaces and draws conclusions. (Results) According to the theoretical research, VR exhibits characteristics such as immersion, presence, interaction, spatial perception, manipulation, and sensitization. Furthermore, rehabilitation medical spaces possess eight characteristics including interaction, continuity, accessibility, safety, receptivity, support, privacy, and visibility. Through theoretical research, we combine six characteristics of VR with eight characteristics of rehabilitation medical spaces to construct an interaction model and derive five key characteristics of VR in rehabilitation medical spaces. The five keywords are reality, embodiment, validity, sensory feedback, and safety controllability. (Conclusion) Our study demonstrates that VR technology has significant potential and expressive characteristics in rehabilitation medical spaces. It not only provides MCI patients with more diverse and immersive rehabilitation experiences but also suggests new approaches and methods for rehabilitation plans for this group. The technology–patient–space interaction model constructed in this research reveals the characteristics of VR, offering opportunities to reconnect and redefine spaces. These insights also provide objective theoretical support for the future construction of virtual rehabilitation medical spaces.
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