유니버설 디자인 이론에 따른 중국 도시 고속철도역 대합실의 적용성 평가 및 개선방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) With the rapid development of China's economy, waiting halls of urban high-speed railway stations are also developing rapidly. However, most of the designs neglect the needs of the disadvantaged groups, which makes it difficult for mobile facilities to be used equally. Therefore, this study investigates the mobility facilities in the waiting hall of high-speed railway stations based on universal design, identifies problems and proposes improvement measures through applicability and user satisfaction analyses, and ensures that all passengers can enjoy equal convenience. (Method) Firstly, examine the literature and guidelines of universal design in various countries and extract 6 key factors; then, refer to the relevant laws and regulations and categorize the spatial elements of waiting halls of high-speed railway stations into 6 zones; based on the guidelines of excellent universal design, prepare the applicability evaluation form and satisfaction questionnaire. Finally, on-site measurements and questionnaires are carried out in large-scale waiting halls in three cities to fully understand the actual conditions and user needs. (Results) The spatial performance is not up to expectations and needs to be improved. Users have high expectations of universal design, but the satisfaction level is 3.48, which is lower than the applicability evaluation value of 4.07. The analysis shows that 16 items need to be focused on improvement, and another 3 items with a difference value between 0.00 and 0.50 need to be improved gradually. (Conclusions) Improvement measures include: setting up multiple entrances and exits as well as security check areas and setting the opening and closing time of entry and exit doors to 5 seconds or more. Maintain the width of wheelchair and pedestrian access, install ramps and railings, and level the ground to prevent falls. Set up rest facilities every 8~10 meters to ensure smooth access and non-slip, non-reflective floors. Install call buttons and Braille signs at appropriate heights to ensure stable lift speeds. Increase the width of lifts and escalators, and set up moving handrails and yellow stairs. Set up resting platforms lower than 200 cm and 2 cm high non-slip mats. Setting up treads with a width of more than 150 cm at intervals of 75 cm in the middle of ramps and adding Braille signs on vertical moving facilities. These measures will enhance the convenience and inclusiveness of waiting halls in XRL stations. The study shows that the universal design of waiting halls of high-speed railway stations in China is still in its infancy and needs to be widely applied. Users have high expectations and need scientific evaluation criteria and improvement programs. These measures will not only affect China's high-speed railway stations but also provide experience for global transport facilities and support the sustainable development of transport systems.