서울시 관리형 주거환경개선사업 공동이용시설의 장소특성 연구 - 49개 주민공동이용시설 및 거점시설을 중심으로 -

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Lately, towns have undergone a qualitative change to facilitate residents' voluntary participation and form a social and cultural sense of unity to help improve their life quality rather than merely expanding quantitatively through large-scale redevelopment or reconstruction projects. Particularly, residents' community and places share a close relationship wherein their identities are mutually reinforced. This study aims to discuss the place characteristics of the community facilities installed by the residential environment management projects in Seoul and to suggest ways of creating community spaces that are centered around residential communities. (Method) First, the researcher reviewed the relevant theories to examine the concepts of place characteristics. The researcher then reviewed prior studies to determine the main elements of the place characteristics of public facilities, by prioritizing factors contributing to place identity. Next, the researcher sampled and surveyed 49 community facilities and some core facilities installed by the Residential Environment Management Projects in Seoul and therewith and processed the data gathered to set the criteria for analysis and evaluation. Finally, the researcher used a three-point scale to analyze the place characteristics of each. (Results) The public facilities with well-balanced their physical, formal, and semantic elements were mostly three-story buildings that were completed relatively recently, and most of them were connected to ordinary pedestrians' circulation areas Furthermore, these facilities were characterized by having more board directors, diverse programs, and surplus budget. Community facilities featuring a high revenue and organizational solidarity were being upgraded into a social cooperative or a community business. Therefore, reinforcing these facilities, competence and sustainable operation are necessary steps to strike a balance between their physical and formative elements. (Conclusions) This study shows that community and core facilities were characterized more by their inter-connections between their components rather than the individual operations. Thus, a balanced residential development can only occur when the elements are organically connected and communicated. Second, the managers of such community facilities should examine these facilities’ physical elements, whereas the program operators should explore diverse programs for the users or the residents. The facilities’ continuous operation capabilities should also be strengthened by for example, designing various programs for residents who use the facilities. Finally, the residents should proactively explore the place characteristics of the community facilities to make them more sustainable and build a sense of attachment and emotion for the public places based on common sense and the value of the community.