GIS를 활용한 육상기반 UAM 이착륙장(Vertiport)과 해양특화 UAM 이착륙장의 입지선정 비교 연구 - 부산광역시를 중심으로 -

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Based on the goal of addressing urban traffic congestion and environmental issues, Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is gaining attention from various countries, local governments, and businesses as the next-generation mobility solution that could transform public transportation systems. With intense competition among domestic municipalities to lead in the UAM industry's market expansion, the city of Busan is swiftly building its administrative and collaborative framework among government, academia, and industry sectors to drive early commercialization of UAM, as part of its unique focus on the 3S (Sky, Sea, Shore) integrated UAM initiative for maritime excellence. To achieve UAM commercialization, it is essential to not only develop UAM vehicles but also establish UAM landing facilities, known as Vertiports, and the necessary infrastructure. In this process, it is crucial to consider the characteristics of UAM vehicles and the local environment when selecting suitable Vertiport locations. Therefore, this study aims to observe how the inclusion of factors related to maritime-specialized UAM Vertiport locations, in addition to existing factors for land-based UAM Vertiports, affects the site selection process and proposes insights while deriving potential Vertiport locations suitable for the maritime city of Busan. (Method) Firstly, a review of domestic and international literature and theoretical analysis will be conducted concerning factors influencing the site selection of land-based UAM Vertiports. Secondly, based on the findings from previous research, the factors influencing the site selection of land-based UAM Vertiports will be summarized, and additional factors specific to maritime-specialized UAM Vertiports will be identified, resulting in a list of research variables. Thirdly, utilizing the derived research variables, a comparative analysis will be conducted between two groups: one for land-based urban settings and another for maritime city settings. Fourthly, a Geographic Information System (GIS) will be employed to visualize collected data related to Busan Metropolitan City and create maps for both groups. (Results) Considering negative and positive factors for Group 1 (influencing factors for land-based urban UAM Vertiport site selection) and Group 2 (influencing factors for maritime city-based UAM Vertiport site selection), three maps were produced for each group. The final visualized map served as the basis for deriving a list of final potential site candidates for each group. (Conclusions) This study classified two distinct groups based on factors influencing land-based urban UAM site selection and maritime-specialized UAM site selection, demonstrating that the environmental characteristics of Busan city, particularly its maritime environment, subtly influence the selection of potential Vertiport sites. This is expected to enrich our understanding of the impact of ocean characteristics on the location selection of UAM vertiports and further provide valuable insights to urban planners and policy-makers aiming to develop maritime-specific UAM infrastructure.