아동 친화적인 통학 보행환경을 위한 특성 요인의 중요도 만족도 차이 연구
A Study of Differences in Satisfaction with the Importance of Characteristic Factors for Child-Friendly Walking Environment to School
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(연구배경 및 목적) 현재 주요 국제기구를 중심으로 전 세계는 다양한 노력을 기울여 아동 친화 도시환경을 조성하고 있다. 우리나라 또한 지역사회가 아동 친화적인 환경을 조성하고, 아동을 위한 환경 개선에 관심을 기울여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 도시의 물리적 환경요인 중 통학 보행환경을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 아동의 관점에서 통학 보행환경에 대한 문제점을 살펴보고, 향후 아동 친화적 보행환경 계획 시 디자인 지침 및 환경 개선이 필요한 경우 참고가 될 수 있기를 기대한다. (연구방법) 연구 대상으로 서울 도심지역 내 초등학교 통학로를 이용하는 초등학생을 선정하여 조사를 진행하였다. 문헌 조사를 통해 아동 친화 도시의 특성과 현황을 조사하였으며, 이를 위해 도시 내 아동 친화적 통학 보행환경 개선을 위한 필요성을 파악하였다. 문헌 정리를 통하여 선행 연구에 제시된 평가지표를 바탕으로 아동 친화적 통학 보행환경 평가지표를 정리하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 아동 친화적 통학 보행환경의 평가지표는 5개 분야의 총 15개 항목으로 구성하였다. 2024년 2월 1일부터 2월 15일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 설문조사 결과 자료는 SPSS를 이용하여 신뢰도 분석, 빈도분석, 평균값 비교분석, IPA 분석을 시행하였다. (결과) 첫째, 아동 친화적 통학 보행환경의 물리적 환경요인의 중요도 평균값 분석 결과 연결성을 중점적으로 개선해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아동 친화적 통학 보행환경의 하위요인에 대한 만족도와 중요도의 평균값을 살펴보면, 안전한 보행로 조성과 보행 안전시설 설치, 보행로가 학교까지 연결되는 보행 시설의 연결성 및 연결성, 학교 주변 경관 정비를 개선할 필요가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 셋째, IPA 분석 결과 아동들이 통학 보행환경에서 중요하게 생각하는 요인과 기존 등하교 보행로를 구성하고 있는 환경요소 사이에 차이가 존재하는 항목을 확인할 수 있었다. (결론) 통학 보행환경의 도시 내 환경요인 중 아동 관점에서의 중요도와 만족도를 파악하고, 중요도 만족도 간의 차이 및 격자도 분석을 시행하여 결과를 도출했다는 점에서 중요한 의의를 지니고 있다. 보행 통학로의 안전성의 경우 유지강화를, 편의성과 쾌적성의 경우 점진 개선을, 구역성의 경우 지속 유지가 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다. 직접 사용자인 아동의 관점에서의 통학 보행로의 개선이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) Today, the world has been making various efforts to create child-friendly urban environments, led by major international organizations. Korea should also pay attention to creating a child-friendly environment for local communities and improving the environment for children. In this research, walking environment to school is one of the factors of urban physical environment. By looking at the problems of the Walking Environment to School from the perspective of children, it is expected that it can serve as a reference for design guidelines and environmental improvement when planning child-friendly walking environments in the future. (Method) The study was conducted by selecting elementary school students who use elementary school commuting paths in the Seoul urban area. Through the literature survey, this research investigated the characteristics and current status of child-friendly cities and identified the need to improve the child-friendly Walking Environment to School in the city. Through the literature review, the evaluation indicators of child-friendly Walking Environment to School were summarized based on the evaluation indicators presented in previous studies. The evaluation indicators of child-friendly Walking Environment to School used in this study consisted of a total of 15 items in five fields. The survey was conducted from February 1, 2024 to February 15, 2024. The collected survey results were subjected to reliability analysis, frequency analysis, mean value comparison analysis, and IPA analysis using SPSS. (Results) First, the analysis of the mean values of the importance of the physical environment factors of the child-friendly Walking Environment to School showed that connectivity should be improved with a focus on connectivity. Second, the mean values of the satisfaction and importance of the sub-factors of the child-friendly Walking Environment to School revealed that it is necessary to improve the creation of safe walking paths, installation of walking safety facilities, connectivity and connectivity of walking facilities that connect walking paths to schools, and maintenance of landscapes around schools. Third, the IPA analysis revealed that there are differences between the factors that children consider important in the Walking Environment to School and the environmental factors that make up the existing walking path to school. (Conclusion) It is significant in that the importance and satisfaction of the urban environmental factors of the walking environment to school from the perspective of children were identified, and the difference and lattice analysis between the importance and satisfaction were conducted to derive the results. It can be seen that the safety of the walking paths needs to be strengthened, the convenience and comfort needs to be improved gradually, and the zoning needs to be maintained. It is necessary to improve the walking paths from the perspective of children who are direct users.
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