도시설계 제도 변화에 따른 공공보행통로의 의미해석과 물리적 환경특성

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) This study investigates the evolution of public pedestrian passages in Korea (삭제) within the broader framework of urban design regulations, with a focus on their definitions, planning roles, and spatial implementation. Public pedestrian passages, delineated as linear spaces within private properties or buildings that are permanently accessible to the public, occupy a distinctive position at the intersection of pedestrian connectivity and private property rights. Existing research and public discourse have primarily focused on concerns that arise in apartment complexes, including privacy issues, noise, and arbitrary closure. However, these studies have largely overlooked the broader function of apartment complexes as integral components of the urban pedestrian network. To address this gap, this study analyzes changes in the urban design system through an examination of revisions in national district unit plan guidelines and the Seoul district unit plan criteria. This review examines the evolution of the conceptual understanding, planning priorities, and incentive structures in the field of urban planning. It chronicles the gradual shift from the promotion of small-block pedestrian continuity and place-making to the management of conflicts in large-scale residential development. (Method) The empirical analysis focuses on 39 public pedestrian passages in three district unit planning areas in Songpa-gu, Seoul. The following districts are included in the study: Jamsil Metropolitan Center Districts 1 and 2, and the Munjeong Urban Development District. Songpa-gu was selected for this study due to its high concentration of such passages. The study identifies the primary connection targets for each passage and classifies them into three principal connection types: park-access passages, arterial-local linkage passages, and three-dimensional network passages incorporating ground-level, piloti-level, and underground routes. Based on this classification system, four representative passages from the Munjeong district were selected for comprehensive analysis. Their street-level, network-level, and local land-use characteristics were examined through field surveys and spatial documentation. (Results) The findings of the study indicate that public pedestrian passages, despite a single legal definition, assume diverse functional roles depending on local spatial structures and land-use patterns. These passages function in a variety of ways: as long axial routes improving access to central parks; as short connectors bridging arterial and local streets; and as complex multi-level corridors linking greenways, commercial frontages, underground retail, and residential areas. Even passages sharing the same connection purpose demonstrate substantial variation in width, aspect ratio, adjacent ground-floor uses, street furniture, landscaping, and vertical circulation elements, generating markedly different pedestrian experiences. Moreover, the prevailing planning guidelines, which prioritize uniform physical standards and the strict prohibition of obstacles, do not sufficiently reflect the functional diversity and contextual specificity evident in practice. (Conclusions) The study argues that regulatory approaches for public pedestrian passages must move beyond uniform, residentially focused criteria and adopt differentiated guidelines that correspond to passage type, connection purpose, and the surrounding urban context. Recognizing public pedestrian passages as a diverse and integral layer of urban pedestrian infrastructure is essential for enhancing pedestrian connectivity and improving the overall walkability of the urban environment.