汉语惯用语原型再议——以《现汉》第7版为中心
A study on the Prototypes of Chinese Idiomatic Expressions — Focusing on the 7th Edition of Xiandai Hanyu Cidian
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
文本以《现汉》收录的三音节熟语为主，四音节和六音节熟语为辅，探究了“惯用语”一些原型特征。结果显示，这些三音节熟语基本上不含“2+1”式定中名词性结构，故在结构上整体表现为典型的“1+2”式述宾结构，显示了《现汉》严格遵循“语词分立”的原则。在语音方面，三音节熟语的轻声、儿化等口语体特征显著。再加之语义通常具有字面义与深层义的双层性，语用方面也多有贬义倾向，这和前人学者的研究结果基本一致。因此基本可以确定《现汉》收录三音节熟语的诸多特点就是“惯用语”的原型特征。
Abstract
This study primarily focuses on the three-syllable idiomatic expressions included in Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (Modern Chinese Dictionary), with supplementary analysis of four-syllable and six-syllable idiomatic expressions, to explore certain prototype features of “habitual expressions” (guanyongyu). The results indicate that these three-syllable idioms generally do not contain the “2+1” modifier-head noun structure; instead, they predominantly exhibit a typical “1+2” verb-object structure, demonstrating the dictionary’s strict adherence to the principle of distinguishing words from phrases. In terms of phonetics, features of spoken language —such as neutral tones and the “erhua” suffix— are prominent in three-syllable idioms. Additionally, their meanings often exhibit both literal and deeper layers, and their pragmatic usage frequently carries a derogatory connotation. These findings suggest that the defining characteristics of three-syllable idiomatic expressions in Xiandai Hanyu Cidian closely align with the prototype features of “habitual expressions.”