1620~1627년 조선의 遼民 인식과 송환론

Abstract

After the Battle of Sarhu in 1619, as the Manchus advanced westward, many Chinese living near Liaohe fled over the Yalu River to Choseon territory, and the issue of Liaodong Refugees began. The number of Liaodong Refugees, which increased rapidly due to the occupation of Shenyang and Liaoyang in 1621 and the establishment of Dongjiangzhen by Mao Wen-long in 1622, quickly exceeded 20,000. 100,000 by the time of King Injo’s Rebellion in 1623, and 200,000 to 300,000 just before the 1st Invasion of Manchuria in 1627. It is not easy to believe this number as it is on the record, but it is roughly certain that at least nearly 100,000 Chinese have flowed into Pyongan Province. The Choseon Dynasty was concerned that Liaodong Refugees could communicate with the the Manchus or cause invasion of the Manchuria, and they would plunder the local people. Therefore, from the beginning of the influx of Liaodong Refugees, Choseon Dynasty decided to repatriate them to Dengzhou, Shandong Province of Ming, and continued consultations with Ming Dynasty, In addition, the Ming Dynasty also agreed in principle to repatriate Liaodong Refugees, its own citizens, and there were two opportunities to complete repatriation when Yang Zhi-yuan and Jiang yue-guang were dispatched. However, in the complicated calculation of the Ming Dynasty, which valued the strategic value of Dongjiangzhen, and the obstruction of Mao Wenlong, who tried to build and maintain his power based on Liaodong Refugees, little repatriation of Liaodong Refugees was accomplished.