사회생태학의 관점으로 본 신동엽의 시 - 『금강』을 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the poetry of Shin Dong-yeop, who had been regarded as a poet of people and nation, would be interpreted more clearly from the perspective of social ecology. For that purpose, the study critically analyzed problems with previous studies and proposed the possibilities of poetry interpretation based on social ecology with his collection of poems The Geum River. Shin’s poetry reflects the characteristics of social ecology rather than those of deep ecology in that the retro trend to the ancient society in his poems is in line with Bookchin’s affirmation of tribalism and that social ecology itself depends on the “Mutual Aid Theory” of Kropotkin that was positive about the primitive society with no hierarchy and class. It is also valid to appreciate his works from the perspective of social ecology in that the criticism of Oriental ideology also blames gerontocracy, which signalled man’s rule over other men, and the social hierarchical order of elite group that initiated man’s rule over nature and that one of topics of his The Geum River is people’s resistance to break down the hierarchical structure of class and hierarchy. 사회생태학의 관점으로 본 신동엽의 시 95 Bookchin parted with anarchism in the middle 1990s and started to criticize the nihilistic nature and antisocial individualism of anarchism. The fact that his Huhwa in his The Geum River is in line with the later ideology of Bookchin that emphasized “cities” and hopefully implies individuals’ responsibility for the group does not include the poet in the community of anarchists. It rather seems like a characteristic of social ecology since it overlaps the later argument of Bookchin’s social ecology in considerable parts. It is self-evident that human beings, who have provided the causes of ecological issues in the era of ecological crisis across the Earth, should deal with and solve the issues. Bookchin’s social ecology is still significant when people look back carefully on the periodic images of neo-liberalism in which the values of individuals are being erased before the ecological ethical accountability of man and the threat of capital.