만 5세 유아의 또래체형에 따른 또래선호도 및 또래인식 분석
An analysis on peer preference and peer-awareness based on 5-year-old children’s perceptions of peer body types
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초록
본 연구는 유아의 또래체형에 따른 친구 선택 및 도움에 대한 반응과 또래의 인지, 사회, 정서, 신체적 능력 인식을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 만 5세 유아(여아 100명, 남아 76명) 총 176명을 대상으로 유아 체형인식 그림과 유아 자아개념 도구를 사용하여 면접을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 유아들은 보통 체형 또는 마른 체형을 가진 어린이를 친구로 선호하였다. 반면 뚱뚱한 체형을 가진 어린 이는 체형 및 외모 불만족의 이유로 기피하는 경향을 보여 체형에 따라 친구 선택이 달라지는 것을 알수 있었다. 또한, 유아들은 도움을 주고 싶은 친구로 마른 체형의 어린이를 선호하였고 도움을 주고 싶지 않은 어린이로 뚱뚱한 체형의 어린이를 선택하여 체형에 따라 친구가 도움을 요청했을 때 수용하는 태도가 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 유아들은 보통 체형을 가진 어린이의 인지·사회·정서·신체적 자아를 긍정적으로 인식하는데 비하여, 뚱뚱한 체형을 가진 어린이는 상대적으로 부정적으로 인식하였 다. 이러한 연구결과들은 유아기에 특정 신체상에 대한 편견 없이 각자가 지닌 가치를 중요하게 여길 수있는 태도를 길러줄 수 있는 교육이 필요함을 시사한다.
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate young children’s peer preference and reaction to a peer’s request for help based on his/her body type and to examine their perceptions on a peer’s cognitive, social, emotional, and physical abilites based on those. A total of 176 children (100 girls and 76 boys) were interviewed using body image pictures and self-concept questions. The results of this study were as follows. First, children preferred peers with a normal or thin body type to their friends, whereas they did not prefer peers with an overweight body type by reason of dissatisfaction with the appearance. This showed that children’s choice of friends may differ depending on their preferences of body types. Children also chose peers with a thin body type as friends they want to help, whereas they chose peers with an overweight body type as friends they don’t want to help. This showed that children’s preferences of body types had an influence on their accepting attitude when their friends asked for help. Second, children had positive perceptions on peers with a normal body type in terms of cognitive, social, emotional, and physical self-concepts, whereas they had negative perceptions on peers with an overweight body type. These results imply the necessity of education for children to value individuals without prejudice to others’ body types.
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