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지속가능소비의 영향요인에 관한 연구: 지각된 소비자효과의 매개효과와 마음챙김의 조절효과

A Study on the Factors Influencing Sustainable Consumption: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Consumer Effectiveness and the Moderating Effect of Mindfulness

박미혜
한국소비자정책교육학회 (Korean Society of Consumer Policy and Education)|2022.12|소비자정책교육연구 (Consumer Policy and Education Review)|제18권 제4호|pp. 17-49|DOI https://doi.org/10.15790/cope.2022.18.4.017

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참고문헌

키워드

조절효과영향요인마음챙김mindfulnessmoderating effect매개효과mediating effectsustainable consumptioninfluencing factors지각된 소비자효과지속가능소비perceived consumer effectiveness

초록

본 연구는 지속가능소비의 영향변수를 규명하고 독립변수와 종속변수간의 매개효과와 조절효과를 검증하는데 목적을 둔다. 광범위한 선행연구 고찰을 통해 변수들을 선정하였으며 지속가능소비는 환경, 사회, 경제영역의 다영역적 관점에 초점을 두고 국내에서 개발한 척도를 사용하였다. 전국의 성인소비자를 대상으로 할당표집방법의 온라인 설문조사를 시행하였으며, 수집한 616명의 소비자 응답자료에 대하여 통계분석을 하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인구통계적 특성에 따른 지속가능소비수준의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 성별, 결혼여부, 소득은 모든 지속가능소비 영역에 유의한 평균차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 지속가능소비의 영역별로 보면, 환경영역은 성별, 결혼여부, 학력, 직업, 소득이, 사회영역은 성별, 결혼여부, 소득이, 경제영역에서는 성별, 결혼여부, 직업, 소득이 집단별 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 관련변수들이 지속가능소비에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 높은 설명력을 보였다. 지속가능소비의 전 영역에서 공통적으로 영향력이 있는 변수는 친환경/친사회적 자아정체성, 지각된 소비자효과, 환경적 가치, 미래지향 시간관점이었다. 대부분의 인구통계변수는 모든 영역에서 영향력 있는 변수로 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 매개변수인 지각된 소비자 효과는 독립변수와 모든 영역의 지속가능소비간의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 매개효과를 보였다. 매개효과가 나타난 독립변수는 친환경/친사회적 자아정체성, 미래지향 시간관점, 기후변화인식, 자아초월가치였다. 넷째, 마음챙김 변수의 조절효과는 지속가능소비의 환경영역과 사회영역에서 나타났다. 지속가능소비와의 관계에서 마음챙김의 조절효과가 나타난 독립변수는 기후변화인식, 기후변화시장신념이었다. 본 연구는 지속가능소비의 예측변수뿐만 아니라 지각된 소비자효과의 매개효과와 마음챙김의 조절효과를 밝힘으로써 지속가능소비의 영향요인에 대한 연구의 지평을 보다 확장시킨 점에 의의가 있다고 본다. 연구결과를 토대로 지속가능한 소비를 위한 주요 주체인 정부, 기업, 소비자에게 그리고 사회문화적인 제언을 하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing variables of sustainable consumption and to identify the mediating and moderating effects between the independent and dependent variables. Variables were selected through the extensive review of previous studies, and the scale developed in Korea was used for sustainable consumption, focusing on multi-domain perspectives in the environment, society, and economy. An online survey was conducted on adult consumers nationwide by quota sampling method, and the data collected from 616 consumers were analyzed statistically. The main results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of examining the difference in the level of sustainable consumption according to the group of demographic variables, gender, marital status, and income showed a significant mean difference in all sustainable consumption domains. In the domain of sustainable consumption, the environmental domain showed differences by gender, marital status, education, occupation and income; social domain showed differences by gender, marital status and income; economic domain showed differences by gender, marital status, and income. Second, as a result of examining the effect of related variables on sustainable consumption, it showed highly explanatory power. The commonly influential variables in all domains of sustainable consumption were pro-environmental/pro-social self-identity, perceived consumer effectiveness, environmental value, and time perspective of considering future. Most demographic variables didn't appear to be influential variables in all domains. Third, the variable of perceived consumer effectiveness showed statistically significant mediating effects in the relationship between the independent variables and sustainable consumption in all domains. The independent variables with the mediating effect were pro-environmental/ pro-social self-identity, time perspective of considering future, awareness of climate change, and self-transcendence value, and in particular, the self-transcendence value showed a complete mediating effect. Fourth, the moderating effect of mindfulness variable appeared in the environmental and social domain of sustainable consumption. The independent variables that showed the moderating effect of mindfulness in the relationship with sustainable consumption were awareness of climate change and market-based beliefs on climate change. This study is meaningful because it further expanded the horizon of the study on the influencing factors of sustainable consumption by revealing the mediating effects of perceived consumer effectiveness and the moderating effects of mindfulness, as well as the predictors of sustainable consumption. Based upon the research results, some suggestions were made for the government, companies, and consumers which are the main subjects with socio-cultural suggestions.

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