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우울감이 인지기능에 미치는 영향

The Causal Effect of Depression on Cognitive Function

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초록

본 연구는 우울 증상이 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 우울 증상이 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 추정하기 어려운 이유는 첫째, 우울 증상과 인지기능에 동시에 영향을 줄 수 있는 많은 요인이 존재한다는 점이다. 둘째, 우울 증상이 인지기능에 영향을 줄 수 도 있지만, 반대로 인지기능이 우울 증상에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 가능성이 우울 증상이 인지기능에 미치는 효과를 추정하기 어렵게 한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing) 1차에서 7차까지의 자료를 이용하여 패널 고정효과모형(Fixed effect model)과 배우자의 사별 여부를 도구변수(Instrumental Variable)로 사용한다. 연구 결과는 우울 증상이 심해지면, 인지능력이 감소함을 알 수 있다. 도구변수를 사용한 고정효과 추정량은 우울 증상 지표(CESD10) 1점 상승은 인지능력지표(MMSE) 0.6544점 하락을 가져온다. 또한 고령화연구패널조사 1차에서 7차까지의 기간 중 사별한 응답자와 혼인 중인 응답자로 표본을 한정하여 효과를 살펴본 결과, 우울 증세가 인지기능에 주는 부정적 효과는 더욱 크다.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the causal effect of depression on cognitive function. However, estimating the causal effect is empirically challenging. There exists confounding factors which affect both depression and cognitive function (Omitted Variable Bias). Moreover there is a possibility that cognitive function also influences depressive symptoms (Reverse Causality). To overcome the endogeneity caused by reverse causality or omitted variable bias, I used KLOSA( Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing) to set up fixed effect model with instrumental variable (spousal death). I found that depression has an negative effect on poor cognitive function. An unit increase in CES-D10 score which measures respondent’s depressive symptoms decreases MMSE(mini-mental state examination) scoe by 0.6081.

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