주희의 『대학』 해석에 관한 연구

Abstract

Commentaries to Important Sayings in Da Xue is a work written by Zhu Xi using his lifetime painstaking efforts, and he had the confidence that this set of collected commentaries could withstand all kinds of questioning and criticism by scholars of his contemporary era and later generations. He believes that, “clarifying the moral sense”, “being new people” and “aiming at attaining perfection” constitute the general theory of the core guiding principle of Da Xue, and “investigating things”, “attaining knowledge”, “good faith”, “being up right in heart”, “cultivating one’s morality”, “building up the family”, “managing state affairs” and “governing the world” are the specific study methods. And of the eight rules, “investigating things” is the core of study on “clarifying the moral sense”, “good faith” is the fundamental thing in experiential learning of “cultivating one’s morality”, those above “cultivating one’s morality” deal with matters about “clarifying the moral sense” and those below “building up the family” are things about “being new people”. As a matter of fact，Comment aries to Important Sayings in Da Xue can be said to have reflected the core classical ideas of Zhu Xi’s ideological system completely. By his commontary on the highest virtue of the mind itself, Zhu Xi explains the inseparable relationship between the mind and the virtue; by his view point of “clarifying the moral sense” which is equivalent to cultivating one’s morality, he clarifies the dual structure of knowledge and behavior, interprets the process of expanding to the outside world for the highest virtue, that is, “being new people”, and he also probes into the structure of unity between Heaven and people.