대학 글쓰기 교육에서 ‘평가’ 방법의 재고

Abstract

In this study, it was discussed about how to evaluate the academic writing. Is there a standardized index to evaluate the academic writing made by learners in university? If so, what items are those standardized index made up of? Can we prove the fairness and objectivity of those items without raters' subjectivity? It was discussed about what must be considered, for the evaluation method of the academic writing educational programs in university, to have objectivity, validity, and reliability. To be considered in the first place is the fairness and objectivity of those evaluation methods. This is due to alterability and ambiguity of those raters' standards, which means that learners don't agree with the standards of evaluation methods. But if those standards are clear enough to obtain learners' consents, there will not be “right and wrong” on the fairness and objectivity of the evaluation methods. It was suggested that educational objectives should be defined in behavior terms to present clear standards. These behaviorally stated objectives can make learners know what behavior they should do and participate in an active process which involves active efforts of the learners themselves. Secondly, evaluation methods have to include various kinds of evaluation methods, which means learners' academic writing abilities should not only be evaluated by their written results, but also by their writing process. That is, more reasonable evaluation methods of the academic writing in university must not only contain evaluation of written results, but also that of writing process. And it also needs not only summation evaluation method, but also formative evaluation method, diagnostic evaluation method and ability/growth referenced evaluation method. Usually, evaluation is used to measure the achievement of educational goals or objectives after completion of the whole educational process. However, in other words, evaluation can be starting point of whole educational process. The contents of evaluation can be helpful to decide the quality of the education to achieve defined goals. It can also afford materials to meet the next educational courses. Therefore, the meaning of “evaluation” needs to be changed into “evaluation on the whole edu- cational processes.”