상호작용적 미디어를 통한 정치인의 이미지 형성-정치인 웹사이트를 중심으로
Politicians’ Image-Building through Interactive Media:Focusing on Politicians’ Websites
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초록
본 연구는 상호작용성의 효과를 체계적으로 설명하고자 하는 목적으로 상호작용성의 개념을 미디어의 기술적 측면과 이용자 인식의 주관적 측면 간의 관계 속에 위치하는 것으로 정의하였다. 그리고 객관적 상호작용성과 이용자가 주관적으로 인식한 상호작용성의 효과를 상호 비교함으로써 선행 연구들의 제한점을 일부 극복하고자 하였다. 구체적으로, 본 연구는 정치 커뮤니케이션 상황에서 미디어 시스템의 상호작용적 기술이 초래하는 효과뿐만 아니라 그 시스템을 통해 전달되는 콘텐츠에 의해 복합적으로 형성될 수 있는 상호작용성에 대한 이용자의 인식이 정치인에 대한 이미지 또는 태도 형성에 미치는 효과를 검토하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구에서는 상호작용적 기술의 수준을 달리하는 3개의 정치인 웹사이트를 자극물로 제시하는 집단 간 비교 실험을 진행하였다. 연구 결과, 정치인 웹사이트에 포함된 상호작용적 기술들, 즉 웹사이트의 객관적 상호작용성 수준은 이용자들이 정치인에 대한 긍정적 이미지를 형성하는 데 있어 직접적으로 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 웹사이트의 상호작용적 기술들은 이용자의 상호작용 인식을 긍정적인 방향으로 유도하고, 이러한 주관적 경험은 다시 정치인을 긍정적으로 평가하여 그 정치인에 대한 호의적 이미지를 형성한다는 사실이 통계분석 결과를 통해 제시되었다. 이는 웹사이트의 객관적 상호작용성은 이미지나 태도 형성에 직접적으로 영향을 미치기 보다는 이용자의 상호작용성 인식을 통해 그 효과가 매개되는 것으로 이해해야 한다는 것을 제시해 주는 결과이다.
Abstract
For the purpose of systematic explanation of the effects of interactivity, the present study conceptually defines interactivity as being reside in the relationship between media's interactive technologies and users' perceptions of them. And, this study intends to overcome some of the limitations in the previous research by measuring the effects of objective interactivity against the effects of users' perceived interactivity. Specifically, this study examines not only the effects caused by interactive technologies of media system in the context of political communication but also the effects of users' perceptions of interactivity, which may be influenced by the content delivered through the media system, on the formation of politician's image or attitudes toward the politician. To achieve the research purpose, a between-group experiment was conducted by utilizing three versions of stimulus websites designed to have different levels of technological interactivity. The results show that the interactive technologies included in the politician’s Website have not directly affected formation of positive images of the politician. However, interactive technologies on the Website have led users’ perceptions of interactivity to the positive direction, then users’ subjective experiences have resulted in positive evaluations and finally favorable images of the politician. These results suggest that the effects of objective interactivity of Websites on image building or attitude formation may be mediated through users’ perceptions of interactivity. The theoretical implications of this mediation process are discussed.
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