서,남해안지역 신석기시대 조개더미 유적의 집자리 의미

Abstract

The number of dwelling sites found in shell middens of Neolithic age is remarkably fewer than the number of shell middens known. For shell middens of Neolithic age, the distribution of historic sites was found only through surface surveys. There were a few cases where the characteristic features of historic sites were found through excavations. Even those historic sites excavated didn't contain actual dwelling sites and the limitations of excavation might prevent such dwelling sites from being found. In addition, shell mound dwelling sites might disappear due to post-depositional processes and disturbance. Nonetheless, dwelling sites in shell middens of Neolithic age have been found across the south-west coastal areas of Korea. Therefore, focusing on those shell middens found with dwelling sites, the structures and characteristics of dwelling sites and the relationship between shell mounds and dwelling sites were examined in the review of shell middens of Neolithic age. It seems that excavated shell midden dwelling sites on the south-west coast played different roles depending on each area. For the west coast, dwelling sites were formed on soil horizons and villages were more likely to be created around shell mounds when the topography of neighboring areas and the location of shell middens is considered. According to the analysis of excavated artifacts and shell midden deposit patterns, historic sites across the west coast disappeared more quickly than those across the south coast. However, shell middens found in the west coast are not regarded as merely limited activity stations or processing sites. Shell midden dwelling sites on the south coast were formed in shell mounds, and deposits are relatively deeper and older than those of the west coast. In addition, the altitude of historic sites formed with shell mounds is relatively shorter than that of the west coast. This is because people living on the south coast during the Neolithic age gathered and processed shellsin areas close to the coast while people living on the west coast processed and disposed of shells after moving them to their residences instead of on the coasts. Villages of Neolithic age haven't been found so far in hills or alluvial plains across the south coast because shell middens, such as the historic sites of Dongsam-dong played the role of stronghold encompassing neighboring areas.