러일전쟁 이후 일본의 安東 ‘新시가’ 건설

Abstract

This essay investigates Andong and Japan’s development of the Andong new town following the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5). Currently known as the main street of modern-day Dandong, Andong new town was formed through a combination of Japanese concessions and the creation of the South Manchurian Railway Area. Starting its construction at the start of the war in 1904, Japan’s organizers and several committees (namely the Design Committee and the Resident Committee) played central roles in the town’s construction. The construction also coincided with risings demands that local Chinese residents sell their lands for its development. Even with having completed construction in 1906, the Andong administrative district reorganized the area with land purchases. These changes eventually transformed the 1876 town of Saha-jin into an ‘old town’ of Chinese residences while the Andong new town emerged as the commerce and social center of Andong. However, even with its rise in social significance in the area, the Andong new town did not become an administratively unified area. Instead, the region evolved into a dual management system. The Japanese Association governed one part under the auspices of the Japanese Consul. The Railroad Supervision Department of the Army controlled the other following the postwar dissolution of the military in 1906. Eventually, after the closure of the Japanese Association (and through concessions offered to the Army), the South Manchurian Railway became the sole administrative authority in 1923. From that time, the Andong new town thus developed as part of the South Manchurian Railway. It was through these processes that in 1932 Andong became the fourth most populous city in Manchuria and the representative image of the city—an image that often captures its visual realities in 1923.