인공지능 괴물성에서 포스트휴먼 정체성으로—『프랑켄슈타인』과 『뉴로맨서』를 중심으로—

Abstract

The monster in Frankenstein is generally considered the origin of the artificial intelligence as the monster is artificially made with scientific principles and acquires human language, culture, and history through endless repetition as if in the deep learning system. Wintermute in Neuromancer is Tessier-Ashpool SA’s artificial intelligence armed with statistics and mathematics. During Frankenstein monster’s attempt to acquire his female companion and Wintermute’s pursuit to merge with Neuromancer, his sibling artificial intelligence, they exercise murder, fraud, and violence. The monstrosity they show in the challenge derives ultimately from the pains of alienation and isolation, and maladaptation that they suffer. The artificial creatures such as the monster and the artificial intelligence that the creator, an individual or corporation, creates only for their purpose suggest the implicit vision of the future world, but it is not certain whether the future will offer humans hope or danger. The artificial creatures are also members of the posthuman society that will take over the humans’role, competing and struggling with their creators. As the name Frankenstein has ambivalent implications, the creators could be real monsters much more than the creatures are because those who create the monsters with immoderate passion and desire are more dangerous than the creatures. Accordingly, it is important and necessary for humans to control individual or capitalist desire, and also to achieve the co-existent life with balance and harmony in the future posthuman society.