회계투명성 제도와 회계정보 유용성 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to verify wether there has been an increase in the usefulness of accounting information as the result of elevation of transparency in accounting information due to various accounting system improvements(ex: The Audit Committee System) promoted by the government after the Asian Financial Crisis. For this we have empirically analyzed the financial statement's change in usefulness issue from the year 2000 until 2008. According to Ohlson(1995)’s, accounting earinings and net assets are the core accounting variables that decide the value of shares. Also, they are in a relation that if one variable's weight decreases in the effect it has on the value of shares the other variable's weight increases. In other words, even thought the value relevance of the accounting returns decrease, as the value relevance of the net assets increase there is a possibility to maintain the overall usefulness of the accounting information. Therefore in this study, we analyze the wether there is a periodical change in the financial statement’s usefulness, considering the usefulness of the accounting returns and the net assets together. Also, under the judgement that there are differences in the audit comments or the introduction and operation of the management transparency related system of the KOSDAQ companies compared to the companies in the stock exchange, we have separated the stock market into the stock exchange and the KOSDAQ. Also, we have verified the tendency in the value relevance of accounting information in each market. As we verified the usefulness of accounting information by period, considering both book value and net profit per share, in case of all the specimens and stock exchange companies, their TIME coefficient’s sign were all positive(+) and at the 1% level were statistically n the KOSDAQ companies’ case their TIME coefficient’s signs were positive(+) but were not statistically meaningful. These results, same as the previous studies, mean that since 2000, in the stock market-especially the stock exchange-the usefulness(R2) of accounting information has improved. Also, under the judgement that among the many reformist measures to improve corporate governance, the audit committee system especially, can contribute to the enhancement of the transparency in financial statements by internal observation and control of the manager and observation of the internal control structure, we have verified the difference from wether an audit committee was installed and by extension, when the audit committee is installed wether the value relevance of accounting information increases as the importance and number of outside directors increase. In the results of this study, the usefulness of accounting information was shown high in companies that have installed an audit committee and among the companies that have installed an audit committee, the companies that had more weight in outside directors, relatively had higher usefulness in accounting information. This kind of result proves the research hypothesis that through supplementation of the accounting system the usefulness in accounting information in the stock market can be increased.