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공유가치창출의 동기에 대한 이해당사자들의 인식이 성과에 미치는 영향

Impacts of the Creating Shared Value’s Motivation and Performance on the Stakeholders

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키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

최근 가장 많은 관심을 받는 경영학 관련 이슈 중 하나가 기업의 공유가치창출이다. 매년 기업들은 많은 비용을 들여 기업의 공유가치창출 관련 활동에 투자를 하고 있지만, 그로 인해 기업이 얻을 수 있는 성과에 대해서는 정확히 파악하지 못하고 있다. 기존의 연구들은 기업의 공유가치창출이 기업의 이미지에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 사실을 증명하고 있지만, 실제로는 기업이 많은 비용을 투자했음에도 불구하고 기업의 이미지가 하락하는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 인식하에 본 연구는 다음과 같은 두 가지 목적을 가지고 진행되었다. 첫 번째는 선행 연구가 제시하고 있는 기업의 공유가치창출의 개념을 살펴보고, 이해당사자 접근의 연구가 어떻게 CSR 및 CSV의 개념에 대한 연구들로 변화했는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 나아가 이러한 연구들을 기반으로 CSV와 이에 대한 동기가 실제 기업의 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구모형을 제시하고 이를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 본 연구는 이처럼 기업의 노력에도 불구하고 기업의 이미지가 하락하는 이유를 기업의 공유가치창출 동기에서 찾아내 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 개인이 인지하는 기업의 공유가치창출 동기가 무엇이냐에 따라 기업의 공유가치창출 평가에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴본 후, 기업의 공유가치창출 동기와 성과가 기업과 개인 이해관계자들 사이의 관계에 미치는 영향을 확인해 보았다. 이에 대한 가설을 바탕으로 설문조사를 실시하고 LISREL을 사용하여 연구모형을 검증하였고 이의 결과에 대한 평가를 제시하였다. 실증 연구의 결과, 수익적 동기에 대한 인식은 수익극대화에는 긍정적인, 그리고 사회복지에는 부의 영향을 미치고, 사회적 동기에 대한 인식은 종업원복지 및 사회복지에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치나 수익극대화에는 부의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 CSV 성과의 하위요소들이 CSV의 동기와 관계의 질 사이에서의 매개효과를 검증한 결과 그 영향이 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 기업의 사회활동에 대한 성과가 그 동기에 대한 인식에서 크게 영향을 받을 수 있다는 것을 시사하며, 이러한 CSV활동에 대한 디자인에서부터 진정성 있는 접근이 필요함을 의미한다. 나아가 CSV 활동이 기업이 개인들과의 관계를 관리하는 의미 있는 도구라는 것을 재확인 시켜주고 있다. 향후 연구에서는 여러 가지 거시 환경 요소를 비롯하여 CSV에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다양한 조절 변수들을 검증하는 과정이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

The creating shared value(CSV) is more, not less overarching issue in business field, for both research and practice. Even though many firms annually invest corporate social responsibility(CSR) and CSV activities including lots of cost, it turned out that they do not grasp, in fact, accurate performance like what they earned benefits from them. In previous research the CSV is associated with company image positively but there are negative effects on reducing corporate identity in spite of spending great expenses. According to that reason, there are two purposes of this paper. First, based on stakeholder approach, we organize how CSV’s definitions have changed and shaped. Second, we develop a theoretical model in which the motivation and performance of CSV influence the relationship between corporate and individual stakeholders. This research investigates empirically a reason why corporate images are falling down through the motivation of CSV. In order to do this, we explore following what an individual recognizes a stimulant of CSV by companies, how they do obtain an evaluation of CSV activities. By using a comprehensive sample of survey, which has a public confidence with estimation of validity and reliability analysis by SPSS and LISREL statistic package program, we determined that there are two independent variables such as a profitable motive and social motive to measure the relationship between revenue, employee and social welfare. Our results reveal that in general two types of motive were germane to corporate performance and welfare significantly. Further analyses indicate positive intervening effects between performance and motivation in CSV. We overcome the limitation established in former researches. First, the CSV shows the impact on company and individual including various interests while existing papers focused on consumer’s perspective. Second, we denote that if companies prefer to utilize the CSV’s performance to manage relationship with stakeholders in non profit perspective, the CSV’s motive is to reinforce generally social welfare. Lastly, the CSV is one of cardinal economic activities and its information is significant with firms and stakeholders, especially making relationship with them. For future research, we need to figure out for that social needs like cultural, institutional things depend on macro-environmental factors and internal characteristics of company such as firm size.

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