비영리 조직의 기업가지향성이 마케팅 역량에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Marketing Capability
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본 연구는 비영리조직의 기업가지향성이 시장지향적인 활동 성향을 통해 마케팅 역량에 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 즉, 본 연구는 비영리조직의 기업가지향성을 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성, 사회 가치지향성 등의 하위개념, 시장지향성은 시장정보창출, 확산, 대응 등의 하위요소, 그리고 마케팅 역량은 브랜드 관리 역량과 커뮤니케이션 역량 등으로 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 사회복지시설, 병원, 대학교, 자선단체 등 8개의 비영리조직에 종사하는 직원들을 211명에게 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하고, 실증분석을 하였다. 분석 결과 비영리조직의 기업가지향성의 하위개념인 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성은 시장지향성의 하위요소인 시장정보창출과 시장정보 확산에는 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤지만, 시장정보대응에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비영리조직의 사회 가치지향성은 시장지향성 하위요소 모두에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 비영리조직의 시장지향성 활동성향 모두 조직의 브랜드 관리 역량 및 커뮤니케이션 역량에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 비영리조직이 지속적으로 성장하기 위해 필요한 조직문화 및 활동 성향, 그리고 마케팅 역량의 구축 및 활용에 대한 전략적 시사점을 제공할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
As competition among nonprofit organization (NPO) gets fierce recently, NPO needs to promote increase of financial income, let alone realization of public good. To overcome this condition, NPO needs to build organizational culture of risk taking, innovativeness and proactiveness, which is also referred as entrepreneurial orientation for realization of social value. Nonprofit organization with entrepreneurial orientation takes risk and does not fear innovation or change, thus, shows behavioral patterns, such as continuous information creation, sharing and response to changing market and customers. This trend of organizational behavior will build marketing capability in order to flexibly respond to market environment. This study aims to examine whether organizational culture of nonprofit organization, which is entrepreneurial orientation, builds marketing capability through tendency of market orientation within organization. Accordingly, this study reveals that entrepreneurial orientation of nonprofit organization is comprised of four components, such as innovativeness, proactiveness, risk taking and social value orientation. Also, market orientation is built by three components, such as market information generating, market information disseminating and market information responsiveness. In addition, marketing capability of nonprofit organization is reviewed as largely brand management capability and communication capability. For the empirical test, we collected survey data from 211 employees of non-profit organizations. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 have been utilized for delivering the study results. Empirical analysis shows that components of entrepreneurial orientation in nonprofit organization, such as innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking, had positive influence on components of market orientation, such as market information generating and market information disseminating, however, had no influence on market information responsiveness. Furthermore, social value orientation of nonprofit organization had all positive influence on components of market orientation. Also, this study confirms that tendency of market orientation in nonprofit organization had positive influence on brand management capability and communication capability. The study provides non-profit organizations with more accurate information that allow them to explore significant managerial insight so as to develop appropriate policy and strategy in enterprise of non-profit organizations.
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