다중적 코드로서의 여성의 몸- 윤정모와 이사벨 아옌데를 중심으로

Abstract

What feminists bring into question in mind-body dualism is that women have been associated with the body as a depreciated item. In the western philosophical tradition that view males as transcendental conscious subjects and relate females to the inherent body, women have been in the lower status with the deprivation of their right to be equal. This mind-body dualism, which have been associated with male-female dualism, leads to the depreciation of women. Consequently, it is important to disconstruct mind-body dualism in order to recover women's rights. This study aims to compare writing by Isabel Allende, who stands for the Latin American Feminism, with writing by Yun Jeongmo, who as a Korean writer is estimated to have incarnated social and ethnical questions in her novels. For a while women's writing has been criticized for being focused only on exploration of women's self-consciousness with subsidence in their families and private areas. However, these two writers free themselves from the criticism of women writers' writing. Since 1982 when the House of the Spirits was published, Allende have depicted Latin American society in the space of the novel. Through the Reins and Mom's Name was Josenppi, Yun Jeongmo have devoted herself to revealing the lives of women treated as an existence of deprivation and castration in the contradictive structures of the history and society beyond private areas. Yun Jeongmo and Allende pay attention to the body of women. Especially, they show that the body is the first tool of the lower-class women for facing the reality, which leads to the impairment of the body. As it were, in the paternalistic system following the modern powers of imperialism, capitalistic power and paternal society, the body of women becomes the target of the male powers' oppressions on women; 62 세계문학비교연구 제22집 (2008년 봄호) furthermore, women in the third world suffer from extreme body impairment. However, the virtue of the writers is not to reveal women's impaired feminity, but to endow women with their positive identity by attempting to recover from impaired feminity. These two writers in common think of the recovery of the feminity as the recovery of the nature. When women's womb and body is a metonym of the earth and nature, the impairment of women's body is identical to the devastating process of exploiting the nature in an discriminate way by imperialism, scientism, and industrialization. The body is a field in which multiple codes including gender, race, class, generation, etc. are carved. When the body is the place where desire is manifested and emotion is housed by choosing the roles of feminity as well as the place where subjectivity is molded and the experience of oppression is carved, it represents the fundamental materiality of the subject. Women's body as multiple codes is an important key word in Yun Jeongmo's and Allende's works.