생태인문학의 이론적 배경: 바이오 휴머니티
Theoretical Background of Eco-humanism: toward Bio-humanity
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It is not an entirely new topic for us to consider the human relationship with his environment and Nature. We have a cultural heritage of myth, folklore, romantic poetry, and paintings of landscape. However, the recent movement for ecology is somewhat different from the former concerns, particularly reflecting urgent need for preventing the contamination of the Earth. On the one hand, the renewal of the aesthetics attempts to subvert the anthropocentrism in terms of the reservation of animal and things: the Medieval aesthetics of Tomas Aquinas returns as an alternative of the modern aesthetics and Phenomenology returns in the wake of the Postmodernism. On the other hand, the fields of biology, psychology, and neuroscience, which has been incompatible with the humanities since the Plato, are coming up with humanities. From this perspective, this paper explores the tendency of the consilience: the eco-criticism and aesthetics in the harmony with the natural sciences. One thing conspicuous in these movements is, among others, the revival of the phenomenology initiated by physics of Heisenberg, biology of Darwin, and psychology of William James. After the brief summary of eco-criticism in the literary realm, I will survey James's fluid consciousness, Uexkull's environments, and Edelman's neural Darwinism. Those investigations are followed by ontology of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty.
Abstract
It is not an entirely new topic for us to consider the human relationship with his environment and Nature. We have a cultural heritage of myth, folklore, romantic poetry, and paintings of landscape. However, the recent movement for ecology is somewhat different from the former concerns, particularly reflecting urgent need for preventing the contamination of the Earth. On the one hand, the renewal of the aesthetics attempts to subvert the anthropocentrism in terms of the reservation of animal and things: the Medieval aesthetics of Tomas Aquinas returns as an alternative of the modern aesthetics and Phenomenology returns in the wake of the Postmodernism. On the other hand, the fields of biology, psychology, and neuroscience, which has been incompatible with the humanities since the Plato, are coming up with humanities. From this perspective, this paper explores the tendency of the consilience: the eco-criticism and aesthetics in the harmony with the natural sciences. One thing conspicuous in these movements is, among others, the revival of the phenomenology initiated by physics of Heisenberg, biology of Darwin, and psychology of William James. After the brief summary of eco-criticism in the literary realm, I will survey James's fluid consciousness, Uexkull's environments, and Edelman's neural Darwinism. Those investigations are followed by ontology of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty.
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