글로벌 디아스포라의 이민정책이사회혁신에 미친 영향 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to classify the Japanese government’s immigration policy before and after 1945, to identify the factors of Japanese migration abroad and to examine the trend of the support policy. Japan’s overseas Nikkeijin policy has been enforced by the exclusive logic of nationality and citizenship by maintaining a strong immigration system that targets foreigners in Korea. The Japanese government’s support policy for Nikkeijin is focusing on the welfare of the elderly and the next generation of talented human resources to cope with the social problems. The research results are as follows. First, the Government of Japan supports the working people in various areas of the migrant society in their countries and plays an important role as a partner and the development of the migrant society and the bridge with Japan. Second, the next generation human resource development project aims at strengthening the identity as a daily person and fostering a talented person who leads the daily society by learning overseas migration history, their roots, Japanese culture, and habits. Third, Japanese-Americans support Japanese schools, dispatch patrols for health and safety, support administrative procedures in the country of residence, support for participation in Japanese elections for overseas residents, registration and seminars for safety measures, and the formation of safety councils. Fourth, as a support policy for returnees in Japan, local governments and Japanese governments are seeking measures to provide equal educational opportunities for Nikkeijin to join the social security system, and to support administrative procedures such as alien registration cards. The Japanese government’s support policy for overseas Koreans is expected to present an immigration management policy based on a social vision for the age of globalization and low birthrate aging, and an integrated support policy to overcome the gap between immigration policy and social integration policy. The Japanese support policy for Nikkeijin is likely to have implications for the support projects and policies of 7.4 million overseas Koreans and 900,000 returning Koreans.