욕망의 윤리적 소통 - 이청준의 소설과 소설론에 대한 인간학적 접근

Abstract

The process that a writer worries about 'why it is written' starts from the elemental question in self-reflection like 'what literature is.' What we worry about 'why we live' is the principle similar to what is based on the epistemological thinking about 'what a human being is.' As Lee Cheong-jun is a writer who concentrated on pursuing a writer's mentality inside and outside text and on inquiring into the essence of art, in the spectrum in his novel, he himself becomes the main body of inquiry, thereby dimensionally showing the world of deeply searching for a problem about the philosophical existence in writing itself. This characteristic is presented intensively to a modifier called “theory of novel written by novel” that is attached to his novel. The identity in writing will be able to be found from understanding a writer's elemental psychology. Also, a writer's elemental psychology functions as a path of understanding mechanism of narrative discourse. A writer's elemental psychology, which is mentioned here, is completely unrelated to what clears up complex or trauma of a character in a novel. Its research frame needs to be not psychoanalysis, but anthropology. The western philosophy has focused on the absolute truth. Contrary to it, the oriental philosophy is based on self-culture through the theory of human nature, thereby being able to be seen to be strong in the anthropological character. Especially, Mengtzu says that a reason why a person becomes a person is just a person's true nature. This has the thinking structure that has consistent context with what a reason why a writer becomes a writer may be a writer's true nature and what a reason why a novel becomes a novel may be true nature in a novel. This study explores the fictitious self-consciousness in Lee Cheong-jun's novel through Confucianism, which can be said to be representative of the oriental anthropology, especially, through Mengtzu's thought. Given comparing 'Benevolence(仁)' and 'Righteousness(義)', which are concepts of Confucianism, the principle of a human being's life can be known in the middle of it. As the benevolence(仁) is characterized by the mind of feeling compassion, this is called a case that self and others become oneness. And, as righteousness(義) is characterized by the mind of being shy and angry, this indicates a case that self's independent personality is argued while self and others are contradicted strictly. The retaliatory spirit, on which Lee Cheong-jun mentions as a motive for writing in Dominance and Liberation, corresponds just to the latter. This retaliatory spirit turns directly into the curing desire in Fool and Ass. Characters, who write a new novel on own fault in a novel, do write as part of making an excuse in order to console the wounded soul and to make self right. By the way, its writing is a great excuse of giving energy that can proceed with making a life again in the unreasonable world. Its retaliation is the revenge toward the world that makes me annoying, thereby reaching affirmation that denies again what is denied. If this affirmation moves to others, it comes to enter the stage of moral communication. In the novel titled Door of Time, the conclusion that the character, who had been indifferent to realistic problem, proceeds with finally advancing to a way of adversity oneself in order to be assimilated with boat people in South East Asia suggests moral prospect. Here is revealed the mature state in true humanity that is pursued by benevolence(仁). Even Levinas's argument, on which only self of freeing from oneself leads to being able to advance to the future of acquiring eternal time, is suitable for this. Art is dreamed of coming to be able to share sympathy with mankind in the world, by which an individual's desire is sublimed through moral communication. This dream can be realized through the proposition that our psychological disease, wound, or retaliatory spirit is resembled as much as being able to understand each other and to be understood. Ultimately, writing allows the world to be cured beyond the healing of individual existence in a human being. That is because a story is a form that is completed through connection and communication with others.