4세기 고구려 연화문 와당의 개시연대에 대한 연구

Abstract

It is generally understanded that Koguryo's roof-end tiles with lotus design appeared at the end of 4th century. But this assertion has some limits, because it based upon circumstantial evidence not on material evidence of roof-end tiles itself. In this treatise I focused on the appearing time of Koguryo's roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern by examining the mode change of roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern and the tiles, roof-end tiles and lotus design in Anak tomb no.3. Koguryo's roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern, which prevailed prior to lotus design, was changed it's mode in the middle and late middle of 4th century, and in that course roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern lost it's stereotype and changed into atypical mode. So I understand that disappearing moment of the stereotype of roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern is the appearing time of the new type of roof-end tiles with lotus design. Thereafter, I compare the roof-end tiles and lotus design represented in Anak tomb no. 3 built in the middle of 4th century with the time of mode change in the roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern. In Anak tomb no. 3, there are some colored roof-end tiles with red and white. This new tradition of coloring roof-end tiles began with the appearance of roof-end tiles with lotus design and was used in lotus design exclusively. From this viewpoint, it can be asserted that the roof-end tiles represented in Anak tomb no.3 is not the roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern but roof-end tiles with lotus design. In addition, there are lotus designs intimate with Buddhism in Anak tomb no.3. Lotus design, which appeared before Buddhism authorized, was a new design accepted in the course of influx of Buddhism. It was used partly before authorized, but used as a general design after authorized. In the middle of 4th century, when Anak tomb no.3 was completed, lotus design and the roof-end tiles with lotus design appeared already, and this chronology coincide with the timing of mode change in the roof-end tiles with rolling cloud pattern. On the base of these data, it can be accepted that the Koguryo's roof-end tiles with lotus design appeared in the 4th century.