일본의 고령자대책 변천과정에 관한 고찰 ‒개호보험제도의 효율화 방안을 중심으로‒

Abstract

In this study, focusing on the process of adaptation of measures for the elderly in Japan, the sustainability of social security systems, including income security and long-term care insurance for the elderly, and solutions to the social problems of population aging were investigated based on social policy theory. It was pointed out that for the sustainability of the social security system, it is necessary to solve problems through the efficient distribution of living resources and to establish a welfare service supply system that can provide support as needed to the elderly. In addition, the ideology of what the regional inclusive care system was built for was clarified, and the necessity of establishing a system suitable for the community was emphasized. It was also argued that the goal of community-based comprehensive care is to maintain a stable and healthy life for all members, and it is desirable to aim for cultural improvement. Meanwhile, the role of the community-based comprehensive care system is to support the minimum level of living when life of the elderly becomes difficult. In this study, policies were proposed by checking the results of the operation of the community-based comprehensive care system. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the structure and level of support for the elderly are also different because each elderly person has different perceptions and values of the living environment. Finally, it was suggested that future measures for the elderly should be established as a system based on efficient distribution of long-term care resources, such as self-reliance based on individual responsibility, support for social security systems, and use of community networks.