배화여고보 졸업기념사진첩으로 본 일제 강점기 여학교의 일상과 식민지 근대

Abstract

This manuscript reviews the colonial modernity that daily life of the girls′ highschool during the Japanese colonial period, by analyzing the 『graduation photo album』 of Paiwha girls′ highschool from the ‘photography history’ aspect. The 『graduation photo album』 possesses a meaning as the photo historical data that could fill the empty space of the existing literature study from the point that it shows the school life of the female students who were attending the mission school, Paiwha girls′ highschool, for 13 years from 1929 to 1943(missing year 1939, 1941). I was first puzzled by the peacefulness from the 『graduation photo album』 showing in the daily life of the highschool girls which is a little different from the reality of the colonial period then. However, I could find out there was considerable amount of conflict between the school and teachers of Paiwha girls′ highschool with the Japanese colonial government when looking from the different perspective. I think this is the reason for the existence of photo history. The students of Paiwha girls′ highschool were more academically interested in the modern studies rather than how to be a good wife and nice mother which was the educational target in the girls′ highschool by Japan, and they tried to accept modern itself subjectively by enjoying various modern sports dynamically. However, reflecting the school as barracks in the war total mobilization system of Japan since year 1938, students of Paiwha girls′ highschool in the Paiwha girls′ highschool 『graduation photo album』 were mobilized in the sports day that was transformed into the competition, marched to Siheung(始興) and were mobilized as the Buyeo(夫餘) palace construction labor volunteer. On the other hand, the students and teachers of Paiwha girls′ highschool showed strong national consciousness such as expressing the Paiwha girls′ highschool students who entered in the 8 regions of Chosun as the ‘rose of sharon(無窮花)’ flowers blossoming on the 「Chosun Map(朝鮮全圖)」 despite the watch and control of Japanese on the making of the 『graduation photo album』. 22.5% of the graduates in year 1942 and 19.1% of the graduates in year 1943 have refused to change names as Japanese names which was the final edition for final solution of Japan. There is also a case where 1/3 of the teachers were kicked out by refusing to change names. Teacher Lee Man-gyu constantly tried to emphasize the good wife and wise mother through the 「Letter to the Graduates」 in the 『graduation photo album』 and tried to infuse national consciousness. However, since 1938, the Japanese fascist system has been strengthened, where we can look back the 'resistance and conformity' of an intellectual during the colonial period from the appearance where he wore national suit and changed his name.