“X心”类心理动词的语义、句法特征与教学应用

Abstract

In the Chinese lexical system, words containing the character “心” (xin, meaning “heart”) occupy an important position, especially the “X-xin” psychological verbs, which vividly depict human psychological states, emotional changes, and inner activities. Based on the Beijing University Corpus, this study employs semantic, cognitive metaphor theory, and syntactic methods to conduct a systematic and in-depth analysis of “X-xin” psychological verbs. The research first categorizes these words into three main types: those describing inner emotions, emotional states, and subjective intentions. Through detailed semantic feature analysis, metaphorical cognitive exploration, and examination of syntactic functions, the study reveals the internal structure, semantic associations, underlying cognitive mechanisms, and rich cultural connotations of these words. The study finds that “X-xin” psychological verbs not only reflect the central position of “heart” in traditional Chinese culture but also embody the unique way Chinese expresses complex emotions and psychological states. A deep understanding of the cognitive source and target domains of these psychological verbs can significantly enhance learners' vocabulary memory and comprehension, providing them with a new way of linguistic thinking. Based on semantic features and cognitive metaphor analysis, this study further proposes teaching application strategies combining morpheme and context methods. It designs a series of teaching activities such as emotional intensity ranking, situational correspondence exercises, and role-playing, aiming to help learners, especially Korean students, better understand and use “X-xin” psychological verbs. The innovation of this research lies in closely integrating theoretical analysis with teaching practice, not only deepening the linguistic understanding of “X-xin” psychological verbs but also providing practical teaching strategies for international Chinese teaching. This study not only helps to deepen the understanding of the Chinese lexical system but also provides theoretical guidance and practical references for teaching Chinese as a second language, contributing positively to the development of international Chinese education.