한국 산림휴양·복지정책에 대한 신제도주의적 분석
New Institutionalistic Analysis of Korea’s Forest Recreation and Welfare Policies
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초록
본 연구는 한국 산림휴양·복지정책을 역사적 제도주의 관점에서 제도적 맥락과 제도변화의 결정요인 분석을 통해 한국 산림정책이 산림자원 보존에서 한국 산림휴양·복지정책으로 전환하게 된 제도적 배경을 살펴보고 향후 한국 산림휴양·복지정책의 방향과 발전 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 연구방법 중 국가 정책과 관장기구, 산림계획 변화 분석은 역사적 제도주의에서 제도적 맥락 관점으로 분석하고, 산림복지정책 패러다임의 변화와 경제·사회·외부환경 변화분석은 제도변화 결정 요인을 바탕으로 산림휴양·복지정책 발아기(T0)에서 산림휴양·복지정책형성기(T1)를 거쳐 산림휴양·복지정책 확대기(T2)까지 제도가 변화해 가는 추이에 따라 향후 산림정책 방향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과로 산림수요 변화에 대처하는 산림제도의 변화가 매우 느리게 진행되고 있었으며, 2000년대부터 복지이념의 등장과 산림예산 확대, 산림행정기구의 규모 확대 등의 제도 영향으로 경제적 산림 개발에서 인간과 공존하는 산림, 건강하고 가치 있는 산림으로 산림의 효용을 극대화 한 산림제도 정책으로 점차 변화되어가고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This study examines the institutional background of Korea’s forestry recreation and welfare policy from the historical institutionalist perspective and analyzes the determinants of institutional changes and institutional contexts. It was intended to explore the direction and development plan of Korea’s forest recreation and welfare policy. Among the research methods, analysis of changes in national policy, governing body, and forest planning is analyzed from the historical institutionalism to the institutional context, and changes in forest welfare policy paradigm and changes in economic, social and external environment are analyzed based on institutional change determinants. We will examine the direction of forest policy in the future according to the change in the system from the germination period of welfare policy (T0), through the formation period of forest recreation and welfare policy (T1), and through the period of expansion of forest recreation and welfare policy (T2). As a result of the study, changes in the forest system to respond to changes in forest demand were progressing very slowly, and since the 2000s, the emergence of welfare ideology, expansion of forest budgets, and expansion of forest administrative organizations resulted in institutional influences such as coexistence with humans in economic forest development. It can be confirmed that the forest system policy that maximizes the utility of forests is gradually changing into forests that are healthy and valuable.
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