사회경제적 관점에서 바라본 뉴어바니즘: 비판적 고찰을 중심으로
The New Urbanism Viewed from the Socio-economic Standpoint: A Critical Review
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초록
이 연구는 20세기 후반 이래 미국에서 가장 영향력 있는 도시설계 접근의 하나로 자리 잡고 있는 뉴어바니즘의 출현과 그 결과를 사회경제적 관점에서 살펴본 것이다. 이 연구는 뉴어바니즘의 다양한 원칙들을 검토하고 그 원칙의 현실 적용을 사회경제적 관점에서 논의한다. 소위 ‘신경제’가 미국의 교외지역에서 번창하면서 그 곳에 위치한 첨단산업체들이 교외지역의 물리적 환경을 개선할 필요성을 느꼈고, 그러한 필요성이 뉴어바니즘을 태동시킨 동인이 되었다는 것이 이 연구의 추론이다. 뉴어바니즘은 그 현실적 적용과 무관하게 ‘공동체의 건설’과 같은 이상주의적 슬로건을 고집하는데, 그러한 슬로건은 뉴어바니즘 특유의 상징전략에 기인하는 것이라고 판단된다. 뉴어바니즘의 이러한 접근은 어느 누구도 그 정당성에 의문을 제기할 수 없도록 하는 영리한 접근이었다고 판단된다. 그러나, 뉴어바니즘의 그러한 이데올로기적 정체성 표명은 비판적 시각에서 검토될 필요가 있다. 그러한 슬로건들은 비현실적일 뿐 아니라, 뉴어바니즘을 팔기 위한 마케팅 전략일 뿐이라고 판단되기 때문이다.
Abstract
This study discusses the emergence and th effects of New Urbanism in the socio-economic point of view, which has been one of the most influential design approaches since the late 20th century. Also, this study looks into the diverse principles displayed by New Urbanism and its adaptation to actualities. This study diagnoses that as the New Economy prospers in suburbia, high-tech companies located in it need to improve the physical environment of the suburban area, which has sprawled out excessively. Also, this study concludes that the New Economy needs the design approach wrapped with idealism of New Urbanism. New Urbanism ostensibly suggests idealistic slogans such as ?building the community? independent of its realistic implications. This study assesses that such an approach of New Urbanism is extremely wily because it makes nobody defy the legitimacy. However, this study has some critical minds in that the design method is maintained as an ideology. This study thinks that the ideas suggested by New Urbanism are unrealistic. Rather, this study maintains that the unrealistic slogans are employed as a kind of marketing tools.
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