日本語類義語の使い分けに関する研究 ―語種の異なる「ご飯・飯・ライス」の使用例を中心に―

Abstract

This study focused on gohan, mesi, and rice and examined the use of these synonyms using the BCCWJ and NLB corpora. First, the frequency of use was in the order of gohan followed by mesi and rice. It was confirmed that gohan was used more frequently in daily life, and as for the use area, it was used in a wide range of areas regardless of whether it was a private or public text. By examining the semantic characteristics of each word through a collocation analysis, it was confirmed that gohan and mesi meant “cooked rice" and “meal", but rice had the meanings of “cooked rice" or “grains." Gohan with the meaning of “cooked rice" was collocated with various words because there were few restrictions on the attributes of the collocate word in the preceding paragraph, but mesi had a strong collocation with meat vocabulary. In the case of gohan and mesi, they were mainly used for food placed in a tea bowl and often referred to food prepared by Japanese cooking methods such as boiling, while in the case of rice, there were a few Western-style dishes. with the meaning of “meal", gohan was strongly collocated with words related to time, but in the case of mesi, it was confirmed that it was collocated with words related to “speed" other than time. Rice was the only word used to mean“grains" and was mainly used to mean crops and agricultural facilities.