Fringe Belts and Urban Morphogenesis in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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This paper explores the urban morphogenesis of Pittsburgh in a historical perspective and recent changes on its urban form. A fringe belt concept is one of the significant morphological concepts to understand historico-geographical changes of cities, which has been mostly explored to European cities. It would find that an investigation of fringe belts in Pittsburgh as a former industrial city with a unique geographical setting can widen a perspective of its concept. The first stage reviews a fringe belt concept articulated by European geographers. The second stage identifies fringe belts of Pittsburgh based on the theoretical framework.The exploration of fringe belts per morphological periods of the city discovers the similarity and difference to a concentric fringe belt concept. The last stage analyzes the transformation of fringe belt in land use, size and location. Recent changes occurred in fringe sector areas; however, fringe belt areas maintained the same as its beginning. This paper finds that a fringe belt concept can be replaced by a fringe sector concept based on an urban spatial structure and the development pattern in cities.
Abstract
This paper explores the urban morphogenesis of Pittsburgh in a historical perspective and recent changes on its urban form. A fringe belt concept is one of the significant morphological concepts to understand historico-geographical changes of cities, which has been mostly explored to European cities. It would find that an investigation of fringe belts in Pittsburgh as a former industrial city with a unique geographical setting can widen a perspective of its concept. The first stage reviews a fringe belt concept articulated by European geographers. The second stage identifies fringe belts of Pittsburgh based on the theoretical framework.The exploration of fringe belts per morphological periods of the city discovers the similarity and difference to a concentric fringe belt concept. The last stage analyzes the transformation of fringe belt in land use, size and location. Recent changes occurred in fringe sector areas; however, fringe belt areas maintained the same as its beginning. This paper finds that a fringe belt concept can be replaced by a fringe sector concept based on an urban spatial structure and the development pattern in cities.
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