조세와 구제 정책을 통해 본 일본 고대인의 노년기

Abstract

This paper examines the life of old age through tax and relief policies of ancient Japanese society. Under the ancient Japanese rule of law, tax and overuse were important means of maintaining a centralized state system, and were imposed differently depending on age and physical condition. The age classification was classified according to whether or not the labor force could be provided, unlike in modern times, and men aged 21 to 60 years old, who can provide labor, were classified as 'positive (丁)' and targeted as major tax and overservice. Relief measures have been prepared to reduce or exempt the burden of tax and overuse for those over 61 years old. This paper noted that the purpose of classifying these ages is closely related to the management of the labor force based on tax and relief policies. In addition, it was confirmed that various remedies existed to protect the elderly and the socially weak. These policies are also closely related to Confucianism and could be understood as part of institutional efforts to encourage the culture of caring for the elderly and filial piety. This paper is a multi-faceted understanding of old age in the life cycle of ancient Japanese people and re-examining the perception of old age in ancient Japanese society.