도시 주택에 대한 다양한 연구접근법: 제도적, 정치경제학적, 아이덴터티, 페미니스트 접근을 중심으로
Diverse Perspectives on Urban Housing: Institutional, Political Economy, Identity, and Feminist Perspectives
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초록
본 논문은 최근 도시 주택 연구의 인식론적 주제들인 에이젼트, 제도, 자본, 아이덴터티, 그리고 젠더에 대한 담론들을 고찰하였다. 도시 주택에 대한 제도적 접근에 의하면, 도시 토지 이용의 변화는 서로 다른 목적 및 서로 다른 파워와 영향력을 지닌 사회 그룹들간의 갈등에서 비롯된다. 도시 주택의 공급 및 분배 과정에서의 제도, 기관 및 개인의 역할 및 영향력뿐만 아니라 도시 주택 시장에서의 갈등, 파워, 그리고 시장 진입 차별성간의 연관성을 연구 초점으로 하는 도시 주택에 대한 제도적 접근은 공공 또는 사립 주택 관련 기관들이 지니는 도시 주택 분배상의 정책적 함의의 중요성을 강조한다. 도시 주택에 대한 정치경제학적 접근에 의하면, 도시 주택 공급 및 분배 과정은 자본주의의 사회 관계 재생산과 밀접히 연관된다. 도시 주택에 대한 정치경제학적 접근의 연구 초점은 도시 주택의 생산 양식 분석이다. 도시 주택에 대한 아이덴터티 접근의 주요 화두는 아이덴터티, 개성, 사회적 지위, 집단적 가치의 간접적 지표 또는 표상으로서의 주택이다. 한편, 도시 주택에 대한 페미니스트 접근은 도시 주택 시장 진입상의 여성의 상대적 사회적 소외를 연구 주제로 하고 있다.
Abstract
In the field of urban housing studies, many Western scholars increasingly devoted their attention to the meanings and roles of housing agents, institutions, capitalist system, identities, and gender in (re)configuring the internal structure of Western housing markets. However, there is no much Korean housing literature that pays attention to these perspectives in the field of urban housing studies. Given this lack of interests in alternative theoretical perspectives on urban housing in Korean housing literature, the purpose of this paper is to draw more attention to and explore discourses on research subjects of urban housing studies such as agent, institution, capital, identity, and gender. Institutional perspectives on urban housing emphasize the roles and effects of institutions and agents involved in the supply and allocation of urban housing and the relationships between conflict, power, and access in the urban housing market. According to political economy perspectives on urban housing, the forms in which urban housing is provided are interlinked with the reproduction of the social relations of capitalism. Identity perspectives on urban housing regard housing as an indicator or symbol of identity, personality, social status, accomplishments, and group values. Feminist perspectives on urban housing are concerned with women?s disadvantaged position compared with men?s in relation to access into the urban housing market.
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