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미국의 도심 커뮤니티 재활성화를 통한 도시 경쟁력 제고

Downtown Community Revitalization for the Enhancement of Urban Competitiveness in the U.S

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주제분류지리학

초록

본 논문에서는 미국에서의 로컬 커뮤니티 활성화 및 도심 재활성화 성공 사례를 분석하고자 한다. 더 나아가 미국에서의 로컬 커뮤니티 재활성화 또는 도심 재활성화 성공 사례 분석을 토대로 국내 도시 경쟁력 제고에의 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 사회자본이론의 담론에 있어 바로 커뮤니티 조직이 주요 화두이며, 이는 커뮤니티 조직이 사회자본의 형성 및 창출에 있어 국지적 수준에서의 기초 단위가 되기 때문이다. 로컬 커뮤니티 재활성화를 시작으로 지방도시의 경쟁력을 제고할 필요가 있으며, 이는 더 나아가 지역균형발전에도 기여하는 바가 클 것이다. 로컬 스케일에서의 커뮤니티 재활성화, 도시 스케일에서의 지방도시의 경쟁력 제고 및 혁신 유도, 지역 또는 국가 스케일에서의 지역균형발전을 서로 연계하는 지속가능한 국토·지역개발 전략 수립이 필요하다. 미국에서의 커뮤니티 개발 조합 활용을 통한 지역사회 개발 성공 사례가 시사하는 바는 바로 중앙정부-지방정부-개발업자-대학-시민단체-커뮤니티 단체 간의 네트워킹을 통한 사회자본 형성 및 참여 주체 간 파트너십 형성이 로컬 커뮤니티 (재)활성화 및 더 나아가 지방도시의 경쟁력 제고에 매우 중요하다는 것이다.

Abstract

This paper investigates the successful cases of local community revitalization and downtown revitalization in the U.S. Furthermore, this research tries to provide insight into the enhancement of urban competitiveness in Korea based on the analysis of the successful cases of local community revitalization and downtown revitalization in the U.S. Community organizations have been a major topic in social capital theories in that community organizations play a central role in the formation and creation of social capital at the local scale. It is necessary to enhance urban competitiveness starting from local community revitalization, which in turn leads to a balanced regional development at the national scale. In addition, it is important to develop sustainable national and regional development strategies that link community revitalization at the local scale, the enhancement of urban competitiveness and innovation at the urban scale, and a balanced regional development at the national scale. The implications of the successful cases of the community development through the utilization of Community Development Corporations in the U.S. for the Korean context would be that it is very crucial for the revitalization of local community and the enhancement of urban competitiveness to form social capital and partnerships through networking among central government, local governments, developers, universities, NGOs, and community organizations.

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