Creating Exclusionary Spaces to Enter the Public Sphere: Spatial Strategies of Nepalese Restaurants in a Globalizing Seoul
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Labor migration, a significant form of mobility, has played a pivotal role in shaping urban diversity across the Asian region. Since 2007, labor migration from Nepal to South Korea, facilitated by the Employment Permit System, has led to the remarkable expansion of Seoul’s “Nepal Town.” This ethnic neighborhood has not only transformed the city’s physical landscape by facilitating encounters with diverse materials and cultural practices, but it has also provided socially and spatially marginalized Nepali migrants with a public space to connect with the broader urban environment. This paper investigates how economically disadvantaged Nepali workers, who face social and spatial exclusion, engage in the practice of place-making to gain access to public spaces within a global city. Drawing on Staeheli et al.’s (2009) discussion on the struggles of marginalized groups to access the public realm, I focus specifically on the spatial strategies of Nepalese restaurants and their role in creating exclusionary spaces where Nepali migrants can feel secure, express their social, cultural, and political identities, and ultimately facilitate their integration into the public sphere. The argument presented underscores a paradoxical relationship in which exclusionary spaces provide safe spaces for low-wage Nepali workers to be part of the public in the global city.
Abstract
Labor migration, a significant form of mobility, has played a pivotal role in shaping urban diversity across the Asian region. Since 2007, labor migration from Nepal to South Korea, facilitated by the Employment Permit System, has led to the remarkable expansion of Seoul’s “Nepal Town.” This ethnic neighborhood has not only transformed the city’s physical landscape by facilitating encounters with diverse materials and cultural practices, but it has also provided socially and spatially marginalized Nepali migrants with a public space to connect with the broader urban environment. This paper investigates how economically disadvantaged Nepali workers, who face social and spatial exclusion, engage in the practice of place-making to gain access to public spaces within a global city. Drawing on Staeheli et al.’s (2009) discussion on the struggles of marginalized groups to access the public realm, I focus specifically on the spatial strategies of Nepalese restaurants and their role in creating exclusionary spaces where Nepali migrants can feel secure, express their social, cultural, and political identities, and ultimately facilitate their integration into the public sphere. The argument presented underscores a paradoxical relationship in which exclusionary spaces provide safe spaces for low-wage Nepali workers to be part of the public in the global city.
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