부품업체에 의한 시스템 제품의 아키텍처 혁신: 카메라폰 플랫폼 변경 사례
Architectural Innovation of System Product by Component Maker: The Case of Platform Change in Camera-phone
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자신이 속한 업계의 경쟁 구도를 한 순간에 뒤집을 수 있는 혁신적인 기술과 제품을 통해 선두 주자로 나서는 것은 모든 기업의 꿈인 동시에 경영 전략의 핵심 관심 사항 중 하나이다. 그러나 제품의 복잡성이 증가하고 다양한 기능들의 컨버전스 경향이 뚜렷한 현 상황에서는 기업의 운명이 더 이상 혼자가 아니라 다른 기업과의 연관관계에 의하여 결정되는 경우가 많다. 그렇다면, 부품업체가 자신의 운명을 부품 차원의 기술 개발 노력만으로는 개척할 수 없는 상황에서는 어떤 돌파구를 찾을 수 있을 것인가? 본 연구는 아키텍처 혁신의 맥락에서 이 질문에 답해보고자 하였다. 일반적으로 각자의 고유한 혁신 영역이 존재하는 부품업체와 시스템업체와의 관계에서, 시스템업체의 플랫폼 변경은 시스템업체의 혁신 영역이다. 그러나 부품 효율성의 개선만으로는 시스템 제품의 성능 한계를 돌파할 수 없을 때, 부품업체의 시스템 플랫폼 변경 상황이 종종 촉발되곤 한다. 이런 경우는 부품업체에 의한 시스템 제품의 아키텍처 혁신으로 정의될 수 있다. 아키텍처 혁신은 기술적 관점에서 보면 급진적 혁신보다 한 차원 낮은 수준의 혁신이지만, 기업들의 부상과 쇠퇴에 직접적 영향을 미치는 중요한 혁신으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 카메라컨트롤 프로세서 개발업체인 엠텍비젼과 휴대폰 메이커인 큐리텔의 사례를 통해 부품업체인 엠텍비젼이 큐리텔의 휴대폰 플랫폼 변경에 성공하게 된 과정을 아키텍처 혁신의 맥락에서 이해하고자 하였다. 주문형 부품을 제작하는 부품업체의 최종 목표는 해당 부품의 범용화를 통한 확산이며 본 연구는 주문형 부품의 기술 능력 축적과 확산에 이르기까지의 전체 과정 관찰을 통해 시스템업체에 대한 부품업체의 아키텍처 혁신에 대두되는 문제와 해결 방향들을 단계 별로 파악하고자 하였다.
Abstract
Leapfrogging competitors and catapult into a leading position through developing innovative technology and products are one of the key interests in strategic management. In a technologically complex industry involving many number of part and components, a firm's- a supplier frim in particular- destiny depends not on its own initiatives but on the relationship and interaction with others such as buyer, i.e., system makers. In this case, what can the component supplier do? In the relationship between system makers and component makers, which have their unique innovation fields, platform changes are generally system maker's innovation fields. However, in the case that the performance limit of system products can not be overcome by improved component efficiency alone, platform changes of system product is often triggered. This can be defined as "architectural innovation of system product by component maker." Architectural innovation, when viewed in a technical aspect, is at a one step lower level than radical or breakthrough innovation, but it is still known as an important innovation that has direct influence on the rise and fall of companies. This study contains a case study on Mtekvision, a Korean camera control processor developer, and CURITEL, a mobile phone maker, in order to explain Mtekvision's success in mobile phone platform change in the very context of architectural innovation. The ultimate goal of component makers that produce custom-made components is the diffusion of the derivative components through their spread. And the purpose of this study is to understand a whole process of architectural innovation of the system products by component makers by observing the longitudinal process up to technological accumulation and diffusion of custom-made components.
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