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엇갈린 선택: 기관투자자의 유형과 연구개발 (R&D) 투자

A split decision: Institutional investor types and research and development investment

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 (1) ‘기관투자자의 지분과 그들이 소유한 기업의 연구개발 투자 사이에 관계가 있는가’라는 해묵은 질문과 (2) ‘다양한 종류의 기관투자자들이 자신들이 지분을 소유한 기업의 연구개발 투자에 대하여 동일한 이해관계를 가질 것인가’의 두 가지 질문에 대한 답을 찾는데 그 목적이 있다. 기존의 관련 선행연구들은 대부분 첫 번째 질문에 대한 답을 찾고자 하였으나 일관된 결과를 도출하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 두 번째 질문에 대한 답을 찾음으로써 첫 번째 질문에 대한 해결의 실마리를 제시하고자 하였다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 기관투자자를 연금기관, 증권회사, 보험회사, 은행으로 세분화하여 각각의 기관투자자가 지분 소유 기업의 연구개발 투자에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 2002년과 2003년에 유가증권에 등록 된 198개의 기업을 대상으로 각각의 기관투자자와 연구개발 투자와의 관계를 분석한 결과 연금기관과 보험회사의 지분만이 각기 기업의 연구개발 투자와 정의 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 증권회사나 은행의 지분은 연구개발 투자와 유의미한 관계를 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 모든 기관투자자들이 연구 개발 투자에 대해 통일된 입장을 갖는 것이 아니고, 각각의 기관투자자들은 기업의 연구 개발 투자에 대해 각기 다른 이해관계가 있다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is a relationship between institutional investors' ownership and research and development (R&D) investment of the firms they own. Previous studies on this issue have been produced mixed results. The mixed results may be due to the assumption that every type of institutional investors has the same voice in R&D investment. In this paper, we argue that different types of institutional investors have different tastes for research and development investment. The theory and hypotheses were tested with a sample of 198 large publicly traded Korean companies from 2002 to 2003. The results indicate that only public pension fund ownership and insurance companies' ownership are positively associated with R&D investment. Banks’ and Security companies’ stock ownerships were not significantly associated with R&D investments. The findings suggest that institutional investors are heterogeneous regarding their preferences and tastes for R&D, and that researchers should distinguish public pension funds or insurance companies' ownership when they study the relationship between ownership structure and R&D investment.

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