종교폭력 이면의 정치와 경제 문제에 대한 소고
A Study on the Political and Economical Issues behind Religious Violence
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초록
평화를 상징하는 종교가 폭력과 연관되어 세계 곳곳에서 분쟁의 원인이 되고있다. 종교적 신념에 따라 표출되는 종교 행위가 폭력과 연관이 될 때 그 원인에대한 분석은 다양하지만, 필자는 이 논문에서 ‘정치와 경제적 요소’와 연관된 ‘종교폭력’에 관하여 연구하고자 한다. 서구의 세계화의 흐름에서 자본주의의 경제체제에 대한 저항은 종교폭력의 경제적인 요인이며 그리고 세속화의 과정에 종교권력과 정치 권력의 결합은 종교폭력의 정치적인 요인이 될 수 있기 때문이다. 필자는 이 논문에서 종교폭력의 정의(definition)에 대하여 살펴보고 이어서종교적 신념과 정치 경제적 요소들이 어떻게 종교폭력과 연관이 되는지 서구학자들의 이론을 검토하고, 그리고 평화를 위한 공동체 윤리의 과제에 대하여 간략하게 제언을 하도록 하겠다. 국내 학계에 ‘종교폭력’과 연관하여 논문들이 있으나주로 종교별 평화개념에 제한되어 있어 정치 경제와 같은 보다 복합적인 사회적요인에 관한 연구는 제한적이기 때문에 본 연구를 통하여 종교폭력을 이해하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 이 논문의 한계는 주로 영어권 서구학자들의 분석에 의지하였기 때문에 문헌의 한계가 있다. 그러나 한국 사회의 정치경제적 요인과 연관된 종교 갈등의 소지를 염두에 둘 때 예비적인 연구로 도움이될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
Religion, the symbol of peace, becomes a cause for conflicts around the world. Although the analysis of reasons when religious activities expressed ac- cording to religious convictions are related to violence are diverse, the researcher will attempt to study the ‘religious violence’ associated with the society‘s ‘political and economical components’ in this paper. In the western globalization trend, re- sistance against the economic system of capitalism is the primary economic factor for religious violence, and the collusion of religious and political powers during the process of secularization can become the political cause for religious violence. The researcher will examine the definition of religious violence, Western scholars‘ theories on how religious violence becomes associated with religious convictions, political and social factors, and make a brief proposal regarding the task of the community for peace in this paper. There are several papers on ‘religious violence’ in Korean Christian academia. Still, many are limited to peace concepts particular to specific religions, so the research on the compositive social factors such as political and economic factors is expected to promote further understanding of religious violence. Since this paper relied on Western English-speaking scholars‘ analysis, the limit to document analysis exists. However, this paper may assist as preliminary research, considering the possi- bility of religious conflicts associated with Korean society‘s political and economic issues.
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